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• W2058600948 abstract "Experimental data concerning avoidance response of fishes to heavy metals obtained by the author during the last decade are presented. It has been found that avoidance response is a significant species-specific form of adaptive fish behaviour occurring at sublethal concentration levels, its intensity being directly proportional to the logarithm of concentration and independent from the toxicity of the substance studied. Comparative laboratory and field tests were performed on anadromous fish – vimba (Vimba vimba). Adult fish under field conditions avoided solutions of heavy metals rather intensively. The threshold avoidance concentrations were: 0.005 mg/l for copper and 0.026 mg/l for zinc. A higher intensity of avoidance response under field conditions depended on a higher locomotor activity of the test fish as well as on the absence of migration and spawning motivation. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) significantly exceeded vimba by its sensitivity to heavy metals: avoidance thresholds being 0.001 mg/l for copper and 0.0001 mg/l for zinc. It has been established that the olfactory system of fish is involved in forming the avoidance response to heavy metals. Adult individuals of vimba under experimental anosmia lost their capability to avoid preliminary avoidable concentrations of copper – 0.5 and 1 mg/l and zinc – 2 and 4 mg/l, which caused mortality of test fish in some cases. Studies of avoidance response of equivalent groups (10 individuals each) of four dominant fish species, from the Neris river coastal zone communities, simultaneously to solutions of the five heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Fe) model mixture as well as a separate test carried out on rainbow trout showed that by the sensitivity to the mixture under study, the fishes can be arranged into the following decreasing sequence: rainbow trout > three-spined stickleback > roach > dace > perch. The responses of fishes to heavy metal mixture solutions were rather different. Interspecific schooling did not occur. The acclimation of fish to heavy metals has been proved. Rainbow trout was pre-exposed for 3 months to sublethal concentrations of copper (0.15 and 0.30 of 96-hour LC50) and to the solutions of two kinds of five heavy metal mixtures of different combinations (0.16 and 0.19 of 96-hour LC50). Intact and control fish significantly avoided copper and heavy metal mixtures in all cases. Pre-exposed fish demonstrated preference response to heavy metals of maximal intensity." @default.
• W2058600948 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2058600948 date "1999-01-01" @default.
• W2058600948 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2058600948 title "Fish Avoidance Response to Heavy Metals and their Mixtures" @default.
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• W2058600948 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/13921657.1999.10512293" @default.
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