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- W2059069938 abstract "Using satellite-based 10-msurface wind (SW), wind stress (WS) and sea surface temperature (SST)anomalies, trends and inter-annual variability during 1993 and 2008 over theSouthern Ocean (SO) areaddressed. The climatological mean (16 years average) indicates that negativewind stress curl diminished(enhanced) between 40°S and 60°S zonal strap region coincide with weak (strong)SW and warm (cold) SST anomaly during January (July). Annual climatologyindicates that strong region of SW divides warmer waters northward withpositive wind stress curl (WSCL) and colder waterssouthward with negative WSCL. The time series anomalies are smoothened with a 12-month running mean filter. The filteredarea-mean time series anomalies of zonal and meridional component of SW and SSThave linear trends of -0.0005 ±0.0003 m/s/decade, 0.0012 ± 0.0002 m/s/decade and -0.00005°C ± 0.0001°C/decade,respectively. The SW anomalies show an increasing trend of 0.0013 ± 0.0002 m/s/decade, with the meridional(zonal) component exhibiting an increasing (decreasing) trend. The meridionalcomponent plays a critical role in heat transfer through atmosphericcirculation. The WS and wind stress divergence exhibit increasing trendswhereas wind stress curl shows a decreasing trend. The SST fluctuates close tozero with repeated high and low peaks at an interval of 2 - 3 years. We addressthe interannual variability by performing EOF analysis on SW, WS, WSCL and SSTanomalies which have been passed through a 12-month running mean filter. EOF-1spatial pattern portrays low variances south of 40°S in SW between 25°E and theDrake Passage whereas in WS it is confined to Pacific Ocean sector of the SO.EOF-2 pattern exhibits high variability along the ACC, which is pronounced inthe central Indian sector of the SO in SW and Pacific Ocean sector of the SO inWS. The time coefficient (SW, WS and WSCL) of EOF-1 (EOF-2) is correlated withreversed (actual) Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) index. The EOF-1 of SST showshigh variance in the Indian sector south of 55°S and in the south Pacificsector of the SO. The corresponding time coefficient function indicates aninverse relationship with AAO index. EOF-2 of SST shows dipole structure ofhigh variance in the Pacific Ocean sector of the SO; high positive variance isalso evident in Indian sector. The time coefficient of EOF1 (EOF-2) iscorrelated with reversed AAO (Nino3.4) index, with the earlier (latter) leading the former by 4 (9) months. Basedon the EOF analyses, it can beinferred that AAO and Nino indices play an important role inmodulating SW and SST changes in the SO." @default.
- W2059069938 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2059069938 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W2059069938 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W2059069938 title "Trends and Interannual Variability of Satellite-Based Wind and Sea Surface Temperature over the Southern Ocean in the Recent Decade" @default.
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- W2059069938 doi "https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2015.62009" @default.
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