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- W2059181603 abstract "The innate immune system recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns using pattern-recognition receptors that activate a wide range of signalling cascades to maintain host homoeostasis against infection and inflammation. Endosomal TLR3 (Toll-like receptor 3), a type I transmembrane protein, senses RNAs derived from cells with viral infection or sterile tissue damage, leading to the induction of type I interferon and cytokine production, as well as dendritic cell maturation. It has been accepted that TLR3 recognizes perfect dsRNA, but little has been addressed experimentally with regard to the structural features of virus- or host-derived RNAs that activate TLR3. Recently, a TLR3 agonist was identified, which was a virus-derived ‘structured’ RNA with incomplete stem structures. Both dsRNA and structured RNA are similarly internalized through clathrin- and raftlin-dependent endocytosis and delivered to endosomal TLR3. The dsRNA uptake machinery, in addition to TLR3, is critical for extracellular viral RNA-induced immune responses. A wide spectrum of TLR3 ligand structures beyond dsRNA and their delivery systems provide new insights into the physiological role of TLR3 in virus- or host-derived RNA-induced immune responses. In the present paper, we focus on the system for extracellular recognition of RNA and its delivery to TLR3." @default.
- W2059181603 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2059181603 creator A5071402791 @default.
- W2059181603 creator A5078541171 @default.
- W2059181603 creator A5089860635 @default.
- W2059181603 date "2014-02-14" @default.
- W2059181603 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2059181603 title "Beyond dsRNA: Toll-like receptor 3 signalling in RNA-induced immune responses" @default.
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- W2059181603 doi "https://doi.org/10.1042/bj20131492" @default.
- W2059181603 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24524192" @default.
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