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• W2059367738 abstract "Conocer la etiología del derrame pleural (DP) en pacientes adultos y la rentabilidad de la citología y del cultivo de líquido pleural (LP) en DP malignos e infecciosos, respectivamente. Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes consecutivos con DP sometidos a una toracocentesis diagnóstica durante los últimos 19 años en un hospital universitario. Las principales causas de DP en los 3.077 pacientes estudiados fueron: cáncer (27%), insuficiencia cardiaca (21%), neumonía (19%), tuberculosis (9%), cirugía abdominal (4%), enfermedades del pericardio (4%) y cirrosis (3%). La tuberculosis fue la etiología más común en pacientes < 34 años (52%), mientras que la insuficiencia cardiaca lo fue en octogenarios (45%). Entre los DP malignos, los tumores primarios más comunes fueron el de pulmón (37%) y el de mama (16%). La citología del LP tuvo una rentabilidad global del 59%, pero fue significativamente inferior en mesoteliomas (27%) y carcinomas escamosos de pulmón (25%). En pacientes con DP infecciosos, solo el 30% de los cultivos del LP resultaron positivos, un porcentaje que se duplicó (66%) cuando el líquido era purulento (empiemas). Los estreptococos del grupo viridans representaron el 25,5% del total de aislamientos. El cultivo del LP en medio sólido para Mycobacterium tuberculosis tuvo escasa sensibilidad (18,5%). Las 3 cuartas partes de los pacientes con un DP en los que se indica la realización de una toracocentesis diagnóstica tienen una neoplasia, insuficiencia cardiaca, neumonía o tuberculosis. La citología y los cultivos del LP son falsamente negativos en un porcentaje significativo de casos. To investigate the etiology of pleural effusions (PE) in adults and the accuracy of pleural fluid (PF) cytology and cultures in malignant and infectious PE, respectively. Retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients with PE undergoing diagnostic thoracentesis during the last 19 years in a university hospital. The leading causes of PE among the 3,077 patients were: cancer (27%), heart failure (21%), pneumonia (19%), tuberculosis (9%), abdominal surgery (4%), pericardial diseases (4%) and cirrhosis (3%). Tuberculosis was the most common etiology in patients < 34 years of age (52%), whereas heart failure predominated in octogenarians (45%). The most common primary tumors in malignant PE were lung (37%) and breast (16%). The overall accuracy of PF cytology was 59%, although it was significantly lower in mesotheliomas (27%) and squamous cell lung cancer (25%). In infectious PE, only 30% of cultures yielded positive results, a percentage which increased two-fold (66%) in purulent fluids (empyemas). Viridans streptococci were the most commonly isolated pathogens (25.5%). The sensitivity of solid media cultures of PF for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was low (18.5%). Three-quarters of patients with PE in whom a diagnostic thoracentesis was indicated had cancer, heart failure, pneumonia or tuberculosis. PF cytology and cultures give false negative results in a significant number of cases." @default.
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• W2059367738 date "2014-05-01" @default.
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• W2059367738 title "Etiología del derrame pleural: análisis de más de 3.000 toracocentesis consecutivas" @default.
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• W2059367738 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.007" @default.
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