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• W2059599539 abstract "Les procédés à biomasses fixées présentent sur les procédés à biomasses floculées un certain nombre d'avantages : suppression des problèmes de floculation et de séparation des boues, installations plus compactes. D'autre part, il est bien connu, actuellement, que l'oxygène constitue un substrat limitant de la croissance des micro-organismes fixés. Nous avons donc envisagé, pour accroître l'épaisseur active d'un biofilm, d'augmenter la concentration en O2 dissous dans la phase liquide (et non dans la phase gaz comme c'est le cas dans les procédés à O2 pur ou à air enrichi en O2) en utilisant du peroxyde d'hydrogène. Ce réactif chimique est trés labile au contact des micro-organismes aérobies qui disposent d'une enzyme spécifique (catalase) pour le dissocier en eau et oxygène. Nos expériences ont été faites sur deux types de biomasses fixées : disques biologiques, filtres immergés. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu'il est possible d'augmenter considérablement les capacités d'épuration des procédés, mais qu'il existe aussi une concentration limite en oxygène dissous (10–15 mg O2 l−1) au delà de laquelle l'oxygène constitue un substrat inhibiteur. Du point de vue économique, le kg d'oxygène fourni par H2O2 étant aux environs de 20 F, ce mode d'utilisation ne peut ètre envisagéà l'heure actuelle que dans des cas très précis : dopage temporaire d'une station momentanément surchargée, applications spéciales où les problèmes d'encombrement sont primordiaux. Because of their advantages as compared to flocculated biomass processes, there is now a revival of interest in fixed biomass processes: no mishaps due to bad flocculation, particularly with filamentous organisms (bulking) compact equipment owing to the ability to obtain greater biomass concentrations (several g l−1), which is impossible in flocculated biomass. In this paper, we will consider mainly bio-discs and submerged fixed bed filters. In bio-disc investigations, Hoehn and Ray's (1973), Kornegay and Andrew's (1968) now classical results showed that the bacterial film only acts on the surface, over a thickness which, at best, does not exceed 150 μm. At the same time, Bungay's (1969) very accurate measurements showed that the film active thickness coincides with the depth where the oxygen concentration in the film is higher than the critical oxygen concentration. In submerged filters, Elmaleh (1976) and Grasmick's (1978) theoretical studies permit one to define a Useful Column Height (UCH) which corresponds to the active part of the reactor and which is superposed on the height where oxygen concentration is higher than the critical oxygen concentration. In classical devices, the UCH is relatively low: approx. 0.50-1 m. In both cases, the system is provided with oxygen through an exchange between the air and the effluent to be treated, at a gas-liquid interface. This procedure limits the O2 concentration to about 9 mg O2 l−1, at the ambient temperature. Therefore, to increase the UCH of a submerged reactor or the active thickness of a bio-disc film by increasing the oxygen penetrating depth, the oxygen partial pressure in the gas phase should be increased by either using pure oxygen or increasing total gas phase pressure. These two methods are somewhat difficult to use and we prefer to use another method: bringing dissolved oxygen directly into the liquid phase without the exchange at the gas-liquid interface. This is feasible by using an oxygen liberating labile chemical reagent i.e. hydrogen peroxide. We consider two types of fixed biomasses: the bio-discs and the submerged filters. Bio-discs. The apparatus used is shown in Fig. 1. The utilization of H2O2 resulted in a very sharp increase in the substrate removal efficiency. It is observed that the substrate removal efficiency (Figs 5 and 6) and the reduced pollution flux (Figs 4 and 7) show a maximum when these are plotted as a function of the ratio: equivalent quantity of O2 given by H2O2/O2 demanded by the effluent and as a function of dissolved oxygen in the liquid phase. Moreover, these curves suggest that oxygen acts as an inhibitor and different attempts at modeling, based on standard models of inhibiting effects, lead to the exponential model giving the lowest deviation (Fig. 8). Submerged packed reactors. The apparatus used is shown in Fig. 3. This unit is fed by urban effluents and the oxygenation in the reactor is carried out by using diluted H2O2 (0.5-1.5 N)." @default.
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• W2059599539 date "1984-01-01" @default.
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• W2059599539 title "Oxygenation par le peroxyde d'hydrogene des biomasses fixees utilisees en traitement biologique des eaux" @default.
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• W2059599539 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(84)90054-x" @default.
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