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- W2059884037 abstract "In popular consciousness Jews have become the very symbols of modernity. Although Spinoza was a heretic, Marx baptized a Christian at the age of six, and Freud the underminer of all transcendent faith, in the popular mind these shapers of modernity continue to be regarded as Jews, with apologists and critics alike ever and again seeking to link their modernity to their Jewish origins. More generally, affirmers of modernity have lauded the presence of Jews in the vanguard of intellectual innovation, while political movements of the extreme Left and Right have held Jews collectively responsible for fostering values that destroyed the medieval consensus and substituted a society of alienated individuals for an earlier harmonious community. Yet if indeed the Jews were instrumental in advancing critical thought and in the propagation of a capitalist ethos-a role much exaggerated by both their friends and their enemies -it is surely an irony that for the Jews themselves modernity initially presented such severe problems. Especially did it pose a crisis for the Jewish religion whose God (pace Karl Marx) was not an illusory bill of exchange. Modernity, as the Jews of western and central Europe first encountered it in the eighteenth century, was seductive, for it seemed to offer liberation from political disabilities and from intellectual isolation. In their enthusiasm some Jews saw it not merely as the dawning of a new age, but greeted it with something approaching messianic enthusiasm. That it would also severely call into question the viability of Judaism and undermine Jewish solidarity was an outcome that a few Jews welcomed, others resisted, and many greeted with deep-seated ambivalence. My intent in this study is to analyze the nature of the challenge that modernity posed for the Jews, and especially for their religion, in the period when they first encountered it. What effects did that encounter have? How did Jewish thinkers attempt to reconcile Judaism and modernity? The undertaking is complicated by the shifting conceptual framework in which modernity presented itself to the Jews. While in its Enlightenment form it called forth one set of responses, post-Enlighten-" @default.
- W2059884037 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2059884037 date "1989-01-01" @default.
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- W2059884037 title "MODERNITY AS A CRISIS FOR THE JEWS" @default.
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- W2059884037 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/9.2.151" @default.
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