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• W2060031786 abstract "Dried shells of Terebratalia transversa, Laqueus californianus, Hemithyris psittacea, and T. unguicula and alcohol‐soaked, tissue‐lined shells of Terebratulina retusa, Dallina septigera, Cryphus vitreus, and Liothyrella uva were crushed in an apparatus that facilitated measurement of the force (newtons) against the valves at the instant of fracture. The results revealed that the costate shells of T. transversa and T. retusa were the strongest. Force is correlated with valve thickness, but not with size (length). When normalized for valve thickness, the force required to fracture shells is correlated with shell biconvexity (height/length) among pooled species of dried specimens. Geniculate specimens of T. retusa were not stronger than the intraspecific variants with a constant radius of curvature to their valves. The percent‐frequency of plicate, spinose, lamellose and rugate genera increase significantly in the successive stages, Caradocian (Late Ordovician) through Famennian (Late Devonian) at the expense of smooth to costellate genera. The percent‐frequency of rectimarginate (central fold lacking) genera also decreases appreciably in this time frame. These morphologic trends, in combination with the experimental crushing data, support the hypothesis that selection favored species with such anti‐predatory adaptations during a time of escalation of shell‐crushing predators." @default.
• W2060031786 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2060031786 creator A5076337508 @default.
• W2060031786 date "1990-01-01" @default.
• W2060031786 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2060031786 title "Mechanical strength of shells of selected extant articulate brachiopods: Implications for paleozoic morphologic trends" @default.
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• W2060031786 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/08912969009386520" @default.
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