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- W2062018344 abstract "Cymbidium protocorms cultured in vitro, and roots of the outgrown plants were comparatively investigated at the morphological, histological, and karyological level; the karyological study especially referred to the DNA content and the chromatin structure of the nuclei. Cultivation has been carried out in the nutrient medium by Murashige and Skoog (1962), either free of growth promoting substances or following addition of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberllic acid (GA3), or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in varying concentrations. IAA stimulated the normal course of the development of protocorms and roots, GA3 stimulated especially the longitudinal growth of roots and stems. 2,4-D caused an aberrant differentiation of the protocorms and an altered root growth. The protocorms and roots of Cymbidium are characterized by cell-specific differences in the nuclear content of DNA and of heterochromatin, respectively. Besides the normal endopolyploidization, there occurs the formation of nuclei with disproportionally large chromocenters; the DNA content of those nucleic exceeds the value expected on the base of their volume, and does not correspond to the values of the normal polyploidy classes. This phenomenon is particularly striking during the differentiation of root hairs and within the exodermis. The morphological and histological changes induced by the growth substances were expressed at the karyological level, too: IAA did not exert any effect upon the cell nuclei; GA3 stimulated mitotic and endomitotic activity, but no nuclei with extremely high DNA content and large chromocenters could be found in the treated cultures. Higher concentrations of 2,4-D inhibited mitotic activity, in several plants also endomitoses, but nuclei with disproportional high DNA content and unexpectedly large chromocenters were very frequent. Several giant nuclei of xylem cells which were not connected to vessels exhibited polytenic structures. The findings are interpreted as tissue-specific endopolyploidization and cell-specific extra replication of the heterochromatin (DNA amplification), dependent on differential effects of the growth regulators. Protokorme der Orchidee Cymbidium wurden sowohl ohne, als auch mit verschiedenen Wuchsstoffen kultiviert und vergleichend morphologisch, histologisch und karyologisch untersucht. Die Art der DNS-Zunahme und der Heterochromatingehalt der Zellkerne zeigen einerseits Beziehungen zur Differenzierung, andererseits eine Abhängigkeit vom Wuchsstoffgehalt des Kulturmediums. Die Befunde werden als gewebespezifische Endopolyploidie und DNS-Amplifikation gedeutet, die unter der Kontrolle von Phytohormonen stehen." @default.
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- W2062018344 title "Beziehungen zwischen morphogenese und nuklearem DNS-gehalt bei aseptischen kulturen von Cymbidium nach wuchsstoffbehandlung" @default.
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