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- W2062651640 abstract "We present the universal theory of arbitrary, localized impurities in a confining paramagnetic state of two-dimensional antiferromagnets with global SU(2) spin symmetry. The energy gap of the host antiferromagnet to spin-1 excitations, ensuremath{Delta}, is assumed to be significantly smaller than a typical nearest neighbor exchange. In the absence of impurities, it was argued in earlier work [Chubukov et al., Phys. Rev. B 49, 11 919 (1994)] that the low-temperature quantum dynamics is universally and completely determined by the values of ensuremath{Delta} and a spin-wave velocity c. Here we establish the remarkable fact that no additional parameters are necessary for an antiferromagnet with a dilute concentration of impurities, ${n}_{mathrm{imp}}$---each impurity is completely characterized by a integer/half-odd-integer valued spin S which measures the net uncompensated Berry phase due to spin precession in its vicinity. We compute the impurity-induced damping of the spin-1 collective mode of the antiferromagnet: the damping occurs on an energy scale $ensuremath{Gamma}{=n}_{mathrm{imp}}(ensuremath{Elzxh}{c)}^{2}/ensuremath{Delta},$ and we predict a universal, asymmetric line shape for the collective mode peak. We argue that, under suitable conditions, our results apply unchanged (or in some cases, with minor modifications) to d-wave superconductors, and compare them to recent neutron-scattering experiments on ${mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{mathrm{O}}_{7}$ by Fong et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1939 (1999)]. We also describe the universal evolution of numerous measurable correlations as the host antiferromagnet undergoes a quantum phase transition to a N'eel ordered state." @default.
- W2062651640 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2062651640 creator A5035206404 @default.
- W2062651640 creator A5041649350 @default.
- W2062651640 creator A5046254742 @default.
- W2062651640 date "2000-06-01" @default.
- W2062651640 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W2062651640 title "Quantum impurity dynamics in two-dimensional antiferromagnets and superconductors" @default.
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