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• W2063358438 endingPage "e0122220" @default.
• W2063358438 startingPage "e0122220" @default.
• W2063358438 abstract "It is not known how extensively a localised flexor tendon injury affects the entire tendon. This study examined the extent of and relationship between histopathologic and gene expression changes in equine superficial digital flexor tendon after a surgical injury. One forelimb tendon was hemi-transected in six horses, and in three other horses, one tendon underwent a sham operation. After euthanasia at six weeks, transected and control (sham and non-operated contralateral) tendons were regionally sampled (medial and lateral halves each divided into six 3 cm regions) for histologic (scoring and immunohistochemistry) and gene expression (real time PCR) analysis of extracellular matrix changes. The histopathology score was significantly higher in transected tendons compared to control tendons in all regions except for the most distal (P ≤ 0.03) with no differences between overstressed (medial) and stress-deprived (lateral) tendon halves. Proteoglycan scores were increased by transection in all but the most proximal region (P < 0.02), with increased immunostaining for aggrecan, biglycan and versican. After correcting for location within the tendon, gene expression for aggrecan, versican, biglycan, lumican, collagen types I, II and III, MMP14 and TIMP1 was increased in transected tendons compared with control tendons (P < 0.02) and decreased for ADAMTS4, MMP3 and TIMP3 (P < 0.001). Aggrecan, biglycan, fibromodulin, and collagen types I and III expression positively correlated with all histopathology scores (P < 0.001), whereas lumican, ADAMTS4 and MMP14 expression positively correlated only with collagen fiber malalignment (P < 0.001). In summary, histologic and associated gene expression changes were significant and widespread six weeks after injury to the equine SDFT, suggesting rapid and active development of tendinopathy throughout the entire length of the tendon. These extensive changes distant to the focal injury may contribute to poor functional outcomes and re-injury in clinical cases. Our data suggest that successful treatments of focal injuries will need to address pathology in the entire tendon, and that better methods to monitor the development and resolution of tendinopathy are required." @default.
• W2063358438 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2063358438 date "2015-04-02" @default.
• W2063358438 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
• W2063358438 title "Focal Experimental Injury Leads to Widespread Gene Expression and Histologic Changes in Equine Flexor Tendons" @default.
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• W2063358438 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122220" @default.
• W2063358438 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4773105" @default.
• W2063358438 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26930413" @default.
• W2063358438 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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