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• W2063397834 abstract "Article1 August 1967Intravascular Coagulation in Fulminant MeningococcemiaWILLIAM G. MCGEHEE, M.D., SAMUEL I. RAPAPORT, M.D., F.A.C.P., PETER F. HJORT, M.D.WILLIAM G. MCGEHEE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SAMUEL I. RAPAPORT, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, PETER F. HJORT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-2-250 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAcute meningococcal infection in man pursues a variable course; usually the patient survives a severe illness characterized by a petechial skin eruption, meningitis, and a rapid response to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. However, an occasional unfortunate victim may die in profound and unresponsive shock hours after the onset of illness despite prompt and adequate treatment. Intravascular deposits of fibrin have been found at autopsy in such patients (1, 2), which suggests that diffuse intravascular coagulation could contribute to the clinical manifestations of meningococcal infection.Intravascular coagulation produces characteristic platelet and clotting factor changes. Therefore, we have measured platelet and clotting factor...References1. FERGUSONCHAPMAN JHOD: Fulminating meningococcic infections and the so-called Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. Amer. J. Path. 24: 763, 1948. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MARGARETTENMCADAMS WAJ: An appraisal of fulminant meningococcemia with reference to the Shwartzman phenomenon. Amer. J. Med. 25: 868, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BRECHERCRONKITE GEP: Morphology and enumeration of human blood platelets. J. Appl. Physiol. 3: 365, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WAREGUESTSEEGERS AGMMWH: Fibrinogen: with special reference to its preparation and certain properties of the product. Arch. Biochem. 13: 231, 1947. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. BLOMBÄCKBLOMBÄCK BM: Purification of human and bovine fibrinogen. Arkiv Kemi 10: 415, 1956. Google Scholar6. BORCHGREVINKPOOLSTORMORKEN CFJGH: A new assay for factor V (proaccelerin-accelerin) using Russell's viper venom. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 55: 625, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. SCHIFFMANRAPAPORTPATCH SSIMJ: The identification and synthesis of activated plasma thromboplastin component (PTC′). Blood 22: 733, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. RAPAPORTAASOWREN SIKPA: The effect of glass upon the activity of various plasma clotting factors. J. Clin. Invest. 34: 9, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. KLEINMAIERGOERGENLASCHKRECKEBOHLE HKHGHA: Untersuchungen zur Frage der Gerinnungsstörung beim Sanarelli-Shwartzman-Phänomen (sog. generalisierten Shwartzman-Phänomen) des Kaninchens. Z. Ges. Exp. Med. 132: 275, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. RAPAPORTTATTERCOEUR-BARRONHJORT SIDNPF: Pseudomonas septicemia with intravascular clotting leading to the generalized Shwartzman reaction. New Eng. J. Med. 271: 80, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. RAPAPORTAMES SISB: Relation between levels of plasma thromboplastin component (PTC) and prothrombin times by the P&P and Quick methods in patients receiving warfarin. New Eng. J. Med. 267: 125, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. HOUGIE C: A simple assay method for factor X (Stuart-Prower factor). Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 109: 754, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. RAPAPORTSCHIFFMANPATCHWARE SISMJAG: A simple, specific one-stage assay for plasma thromboplastin antecedent activity. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 57: 771, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar14. RAPAPORTAMES SISB: Clotting factor assays on plasma from patients receiving intramuscular or subcutaneous heparin. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 234: 678, 1957. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. PROCTORRAPAPORT RRSI: The partial thromboplastin time with kaolin. A simple screening test for first stage plasma clotting factor deficiencies. Amer. J. Clin. Path. 36: 212, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16. NIEWIAROWSKIKOWALSKI SE: Antithrombin formation during proteolysis of fibrinogen, in Proceedings of the Sixth Congress of the European Society of Haematology. S. Karger, Basel, 1958, Part 2, p. 560. Google Scholar17. EGEBERG O: Antihemophilic A factor (factor VIII) and fibrinogen in human blood. A study on the question of a closer correlation between the levels of the two factors. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 14: 230, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. RAPAPORTHJORTPATCHJEREMIC SIPFMJM: Consumption of serum factors and prothrombin during intravascular clotting in rabbits. Scand. J. Haemat. 3: 59, 1966. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. EVENSENJEREMICHJORT SAMPF: The effect of endotoxin on factor VII in rats: in vivo and in vitro observations. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 18: 509, 1966. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. DESPREZ RM: Effects of bacterial endotoxin on rabbit platelets. III. Comparison of platelet injury induced by thrombin and by endotoxin. J. Exp. Med. 120: 305, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. COHENBRAUNWALDGARDNER PJFH: Destruction of canine and rabbit platelets following intravenous administration of carbon particles or endotoxin. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 66: 263, 1965. MedlineGoogle Scholar22. DAVISBAILEYHANSON RBWLNP: Modification of serotonin and histamine release after E. coli endotoxin administration. Amer. J. Physiol. 205: 560, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. HOROWITZDESPREZHOOK HIRMEW: Effects of bacterial endotoxin on rabbit platelets. II. Enhancement of platelet factor 3 activity in vitro and in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 116: 619, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar24. RODRIGUEZ-ERDMANN F: Intravascular activation of the clotting system with phospholipids. Production of the generalized Shwartzman reaction with platelet factor 3. Blood 26: 541, 1965. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar25. HJORTRAPAPORT PFSI: The Shwartzman reaction: pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Ann. Rev. Med. 16: 135, 1965. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar26. HILLKINNEY WRTD: The cutaneous lesions in acute meningococcemia. JAMA 134: 513, 1947. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. HARDAWAY RM: The role of intravascular clotting in the etiology of shock. Ann. Surg. 155: 325, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar28. LILLEHEILONGERBEAMBLOCHMANAX RCJKJHWG: The nature of irreversible shock: experimental and clinical observations. Ann. Surg. 160: 682, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, CaliforniaFrom the Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, and the Department of Medicine and the Communicable Disease Service, Los Angeles County General Hospital, Los Angeles, Calif.This study was supported by grants HE 06128-06 and TI AM 5192-08, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C.Requests for reprints should be addressed to William G. McGehee, M.D., University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90033. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCutaneous Manifestations of Gram‐negative InfectionsPurpura Fulminans: Mechanism and Management of Dysregulated HemostasisSkin Manifestations of Meningococcal InfectionSepsis, Severe Sepsis, and Septic ShockTc-99m MDP Bone Scintigraphy in Septic ShockHuman Recombinant Activated Protein C in Meningococcal SepsisAn open-label study of the role of adjuvant hemostatic support with protein C replacement therapy in purpura fulminans–associated meningococcemiaA myocardial cytotoxic process is involved in the cardiac dysfunction of meningococcal septic shockUpdate on Meningococcal Disease with Emphasis on Pathogenesis and Clinical ManagementInfectious purpura fulminans: diagnosis and treatmentHämostasestörungen bei infektiösen ErkrankungenSelf-assessment: inflammatory lesionsA normal platelet count at admission in acute meningococcal disease does not exclude a fulminant courseUse of protein-C concentrate, heparin, and haemodiafiltration in meningococcus-induced purpura fulminansPurpura Fulminans in Pneumococcal Sepsis: Case Report and ReviewAssessment of the effect of candidate anti-inflammatory treatments on the interaction between meningococci and inflammatory cellsin vitro in a whole blood modelMRI evaluation and follow-up of bone necrosis after meningococcal infection and disseminated intravascular coagulationRapid diagnosis of acute meningococcal infections by needle aspiration or biopsy of skin lesions.Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationFatal meningococcal disease in childhood: an autopsy study of 86 casesPathophysiologie der Gerinnungsveränderungen bei SepsisPurpura fulminansThrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit SettingThe quantitative association of plasma endotoxin, antithrombin, protein C, extrinsic pathway inhibitor and fibrinopeptide a in systemic meningococcal diseaseSymptoms and Signs for the Early Diagnosis of SepsisSymptome und Befunde zur Frühdiagnose des SepsissyndromsCase 4-1988Durch Gram-negative Bakterien bedingte Hauterscheinungen bei septischen KrankheitenSurgical management of life-threatening and disfiguring sequelae of fulminant meningococcemiaMacrophage Procoagulants, Fibrin Deposition, and the Inflammatory ResponseAcquired Coagulation DisordersFulminant sepsis and death in a 33-year-old immunocompromised womanHuman factor VII associated with endotoxin stimulated monocytes in whole bloodThe Production and Availability of Tissue Thromboplastin in Cellular Populations of Whole Blood Exposed to Various Concentrations of EndotoxinThe meningococcus and mechanisms of pathogenicityInhibition of leukotriene B4 synthesis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after exposure to meningococcal lipopolysaccharideResponse of Babesiosis to Pentamidine TherapyPATRICK B. FRANCIOLI, M.D., JAN S. KEITHLY, Ph.D., THOMAS C. JONES, M.D., ROBERT D. BRANDSTETTER, M.D., DAVID J. WOLF, M.D.Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Antithrombin III, and Complement in Meningococcal InfectionsTreatment of acute meningococcaemia with chemotherapy and immune plasmaGram-negative bacteremiaA comparative study of adverse factors in meningococcaemia and meningococcal meningitisDisseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Patients with Meningococcal Infection: Laboratory Diagnosis and Prognostic FactorsBacterial meningitis—1978The Haematology of Bacterial Infection in Newborn InfantsDisseminated intravascular coagulation and related syndromes: Etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and managementThrombozytäres SystemA propos d'une observation de Méningococcie suraiguë avec Purpura fulminans chez le sujet âgéHeparin therapy in bacterial septicemiaPeripheral neuropathy—an unusual complication of meningococcemiaGroup Y meningococcal disease in united states air force recruitsVenous infarction of the adrenal glandsBacterial meningitis. Some aspects of diagnosis and treatment.Fibrin degradation products in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with group A meningococcal meningitisDisseminated Intravascular Coagulation During Heparin TherapyHARVEY G. KLEIN, M.D., WILLIAM R. BELL, M.D.Management of sickle-cell diseasePrimary Fibrinolytic Syndrome Associated With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Case ReportCoagulation studies in group a meningitis in EgyptMeningococcal purpura: Report of 19 patients treated with heparinCirculating fibrin in meningococcemiaHeparin therapy in acute meningococcemiaAn approach to acquired coagulation problems in the neonatal surgical patientHeparin therapy in meningococcal septicaemiaThrombocytopenia and Bleeding Complications in Severe Cases of Meningococcal Infection Treated with Heparin, Dextran 70 and ChlorpromazineA clinical study of bubonic plagueIntravascular Coagulation in Infection: A Study by Radio-FibrinogenAcute Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus*Prognostically Unfavourable Factors in SepticaemiaDisseminated Intravascular CoagulationThe Role of Heparin in the Management of Consumption CoagulopathyMeningococcemia without meningitis presenting as cardiac tamponadeComparison Between the Polymyxins and Gentamicin in Preventing Endotoxin-Induced Intravascular Coagulation and LeukopeniaDisseminated intravascular coagulation and the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndromeFulminant Meningococcemia: Heparin Therapy and Survival RatePrognostic Factors in Meningococcal DiseaseINTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION AND ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN A CHILD WITH MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONKlinik und antibiotische Therapie der bakteriellen septischen Erkrankungen in der inneren MedizinEndokrinologie in der KinderheilkundePhysiology and Biochemistry of FibrinolysisThrombosis**This work was supported, in part, by Research Grant HE 1/470 from The National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationPathophysiology of endotoxin shock in the primateHeparin Therapy in Septicemia with Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationGeneralized Shwartzman Reaction in Man After a Dog Bite Consumption Coagulopathy, Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene, and Renal Cortical NecrosisBURT R. MEYERS, M.D., SHALOM Z. HIRSCHMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P., WILLIAM SLOAN, M.D.The Coagulation Mechanism in Acute Bacterial InfectionThe Syndrome of Asplenia, Pneumococcal Sepsis, and Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationALAN L. BISNO, M.D., JOHN C. FREEMAN, M.D.PNEUMOCOCCAL SEPSIS WITH GENERALISED SHWARTZMAN REACTIONDISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATIONFibrin-fibrinogen degradation products in sera of normal infants and children.Heparin therapy in fulminant meningococcemiaCase 29-1969Fatal intravascular consumption coagulopathy in meningococcal sepsisINFECTION AND THE SPLEEN: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPOSPLENISM, PNEUMOCOCCAL SEPSIS AND DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATIONRecognition and treatment of intravascular coagulationChanges in the Blood Coagulation System Associated with SepticemiaThrombocytopenia and Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene Associated with Staphylococcal and Streptococcal BacteremiaJAMES J. RAHAL JR., M.D., H. EDWARD MACMAHON, M.D., LOUIS WEINSTEIN, PH.D., M.D., F.A.C.P.Management of Bacterial Meningitis in Children 1 August 1967Volume 67, Issue 2Page: 250-260KeywordsAntimicrobialsAutopsyFibrinHospital medicineMedical servicesMeningitisMeningococcal diseaseMeningococcemiaPlateletsShock Issue Published: 1 August 1967 PDF downloadLoading ..." @default.
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