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- W2063564963 abstract "We studied the fate of 15N-labelled fertilizers applied to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Tejo) grown for 3 years on a Haplic Luvisol in southern Portugal. The nitrogen rate used was 60 kg ha−1 using ammonium nitrate as basal dressing, and two top-dressings of 60 kg ha−1 of N each, either as urea or calcium nitrate. Microplots (PVC cylinders with 30 cm diameter) with ceramic cups placed at the bottom were used, so that leachates could be collected by hand pumping. A greater percentage of plant N was derived from the fertilizer in the driest year (year 1) than in the other two years. However, biomass accumulation was smaller in that year and, therefore, plants took up less N. As a result, the recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer in the crop was in the range of 22–40%, with no significant differences between years or treatments. Considerable amounts of N derived from fertilizer remained in the soil after harvest (15 to 66% of total fertilizer N). In years 1 and 2, the 15N in the soil derived from fertilizer was similar, and not significantly affected by N form. In year 3, top-dressing with urea led to more of the 15N from fertilizer remaining in the soil, compared with applying nitrate, and to greater values of total soil N, nitrate and extractable ammonium. There was evidence of nitrate leaching in years 2 and 3, particularly after the first two N applications, during the autumn–winter period, but not significantly affected by treatment. A significant amount of 15N remaining in the soil was in 15 NH+4 fixed in the clay fraction, especially in the surface layers and with urea application, suggesting that ammonium fixation in montmorillonite was an important process for removing NH+4 from solution and protection from nitrification. N losses were similar (35 to 55%) in years 1 and 2 with both treatments, and in year 3 with ammonium nitrate+calcium nitrate application. In year 3 the ammonium nitrate+urea treatment resulted in a complete recovery of 15N applied." @default.
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- W2063564963 date "1999-08-01" @default.
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- W2063564963 title "Variation in N-recovery of winter wheat under Mediterranean conditions studied with 15N-labelled fertilizers" @default.
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- W2063564963 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1161-0301(99)00027-1" @default.
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