Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2064233604> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2064233604 endingPage "1929" @default.
- W2064233604 startingPage "1922" @default.
- W2064233604 abstract "The Japanese sika deer Cervus nippon has expanded its range by nearly 70% during the last two decades. Browsing by sika deer affects vegetation in both agricultural and forested habitats. Effects of sika deer on vegetation are conspicuous on deer-inhabited islands: forest structure and composition are altered by deer grazing and browsing, and consequently regeneration is prevented. By felling of old trees, forest gaps are formed, but since sapling recruitment is prevented, shade intolerant plants invade. Unpalatable forbs like ragwort Senecio cannabifolius and ferns like bracken Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae) become dominants in open habitats. At the places of highest deer density, the Zoysia japonica community, a low growing grass mat, develops. Sika deer function as a seed dispersal agent of this grass. Indirect effects of sika deer are not well studied, but some studies have shown reduction of understory bamboo cover, which in turn improves the survival of tree seedlings and declines of wood mice Apodemus spp. Japanese forests in lower mountainous areas were widely logged during the 1940s and 1950s. These areas were not well planted during the war and until 1950, but thereafter intensively planted to alter to conifer plantation as a nationwide campaign. For several decades after the war, rodents and hares grazed planted trees. According to growth of the planted trees to form canopy, which is unfavorable for rodents and hares, their damage declined. After the 1960s, old-growth forests in high mountainous areas were logged, and conifers were planted. Animals causing forestry damage were replaced by sika deer during the 1980s. Sika deer eat a wide variety of foods, and are gregarious, which causes heavy impacts on vegetation. Effects of sika deer are expanding to natural forests, alpine vegetation, and marshes. To reduce damages on forestry and natural vegetation, as many as 100,000 sika deer are culled every year. However, the hunter population is rapidly declining, and it is expected population control by culling will be insufficient. Although sika deer are an important component of Japanese forests, current population densities exceed the capacity of many ecosystems to tolerate herbivory." @default.
- W2064233604 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2064233604 creator A5069751130 @default.
- W2064233604 date "2009-09-01" @default.
- W2064233604 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W2064233604 title "Effects of sika deer on vegetation in Japan: A review" @default.
- W2064233604 cites W112501969 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W168901927 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1963505363 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1964214227 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1964404707 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1976311410 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1979447052 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1984507052 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1984834605 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1988494854 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W1993285403 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2003073206 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2007687930 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2013709658 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2015522046 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2026386451 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2034352705 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2042516857 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2051154227 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2052851229 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2054978934 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2060055474 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2060527545 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2061275120 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2067149789 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2074696836 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2078326902 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2079634582 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2095703728 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2103932031 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2109599737 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2112376742 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2116219030 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2126891096 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2128895700 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2129470558 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2129555616 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2134524544 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2136313830 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2137083584 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2141271286 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2142448174 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2145573838 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2157411011 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2168652879 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2169709062 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2192606006 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2315810867 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2320767676 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2320955426 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2320988348 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W2333214911 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W248890372 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W61597566 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W943900669 @default.
- W2064233604 cites W983805020 @default.
- W2064233604 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.011" @default.
- W2064233604 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
- W2064233604 type Work @default.
- W2064233604 sameAs 2064233604 @default.
- W2064233604 citedByCount "383" @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042012 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042013 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042014 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042015 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042016 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042017 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042018 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042019 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042020 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042021 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042022 @default.
- W2064233604 countsByYear W20642336042023 @default.
- W2064233604 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2064233604 hasAuthorship W2064233604A5069751130 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C142724271 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C205649164 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C2776133958 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConcept C97137747 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C142724271 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C18903297 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C205649164 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C2776133958 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C71924100 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C86803240 @default.
- W2064233604 hasConceptScore W2064233604C97137747 @default.
- W2064233604 hasIssue "9" @default.
- W2064233604 hasLocation W20642336041 @default.
- W2064233604 hasOpenAccess W2064233604 @default.