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• W2064457050 abstract "-ATPase.Nerveconductionvelocity.RedbloodcelldeformabilityAbbreviationsBB/Wor BioBreeding/WorcestereNOS endothelial nitric oxide synthaseICAM-1 intracellular adhesion molecule 1MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseNCV nerve conduction velocityDuring the past decade, reports from several laboratorieshave focused on the physiological effects of C-peptide.Experimental data and clinical studies suggest that thatC-peptide is a biologically active peptide. Clinical studiesshow that C-peptide administration in type 1 diabetespatients, who lack the peptide, results in amelioration ofdiabetes-induced renal and nerve dysfunction. Molecularstudiesdemonstratebindingtocellmembranes,activationofintracellular signalling pathways, and specific end effects ofimportance for vascular endothelial function. These findingshave prompted the hypothesis that C-peptide deficiency intype 1 diabetes may contribute to the development ofmicrovascular complications, and that C-peptide replace-ment, together with regular insulin therapy, may be benefi-cial in the treatment or prevention of these complications. InthepresentarticlewearguethecaseinfavourofC-peptideasa biologically active peptide based on in vivo data and invitro findings, as summarised in Table 1.Soon after the discovery of insulin biosynthesis in 1967,and the identification of C-peptide and its role in promotingthe correct folding of proinsulin, researchers began toinvestigate whether C-peptide had any insulin-like effects.However,nonewerefound,andinterestinthepeptidefocusedinsteadonitsuseasamarkerofendogenousinsulinsecretion.Interest in a physiological role for C-peptide persisted, andreceived support from the clinical observation that patientswith type 1 diabetes, who continue to maintain a smallendogenous beta cell activity, are less prone to develop long-term complications and have fewer episodes of hypoglycae-mia than those who become totally C-peptide deficient [1, 2].It was also noted that islet or pancreas transplantation intype 1 patients, with restoration of both insulin and C-peptidesecretion, often results in amelioration of the functional andstructural abnormalities that accompany diabetic neuropathyand nephropathy [3, 4]. These considerations gave rise to aseries of studies involving the administration of a replace-ment dose of C-peptide to type 1 diabetes patients.Beneficial effects on renal function and structure intype 1 diabetesClinical studies Glomerular hyperfiltration, a risk factor forthe development of nephropathy, is an early abnormality intype 1 diabetes that is not corrected by insulin therapy. This" @default.
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• W2064457050 date "2007-01-18" @default.
• W2064457050 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2064457050 title "C-peptide is a bioactive peptide" @default.
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• W2064457050 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-006-0559-y" @default.
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