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• W2065655265 abstract "Abstract The waterwell industry has been using submergible television cameras for years to aid them in casing inspections and troubleshooting wells. Their success ratio has been outstanding but the oil industry and others have only had limited success. The reason is usually the lack of clarity in the drilling or workover fluid. Displacement of these fluids is generally affected by fluid density, fluid velocity, temperature and the size pipe in which the displacement is being made. This large number of variables indirectly affects water clarity in that you must displace the dirty drilling or completion fluid before a television camera can be used. Field tests have been conducted on the effects of these variables and the results offer suggestions for the solution of these associated problems. Downhole pictures are presented showing the effects of the aforementioned variables as well as unique failures of casing and the positions of various types of lost equipment. Some open hole logging is also presented. Introduction The use of geophysical logging has been as tremendous an asset to drilling and completion technology as the development of the Tri-Cone bit was to rotary drilling. However, even with all this technology, the most experienced engineer can still see no farther into a wellbore than a novice. Even with all our training and experience, we still must use â??educated guessesâ?¿ more than we like to admit. Photographs and television have not found general acceptance in our industry because of the clarity of the drilling and completion fluids we use. These fluids usually contain large concentrations of solids and other chemicals that make clarification impossible. The current popular use of â??no solidsâ?¿ clean completion fluids lends itself to the use of downhole television logging. Television equipment capable of withstanding the temperatures and pressures encountered within the borehole has been developed in several related industries for use in the mining, inspection and waterwell industries as well as off-shore, supporting the petroleum industry. Good quality television cameras are available in logging tools with a minimum diameter of 3 O.D., thus making it possible to log through 4 1/2 tubing or casing. The camera housings are usually rated to depths of 12000 feet, however, power requirements for the lights currently make it impractical to log below 7000–8000 feet due to high cable resistance. This article offers qualitative suggestions concerning the problems of attaining water clarity during television logging of wells. Specifically, the effects of fluid displacement, chemical reactions, and temperature differences have been considered. Clarity Requirements Television wellbore logging has generally been limited to use in air and water-filled wells in the past. The air-filled wells seldom offered any problems with clarity that could not be eliminated by allowing sufficient time to let the dust settle. Water-filled wells usually were groundwater producing and thus also had sufficient clarity to allow television logging. The exception was when chemical reactions occurred that produced precipitates or gas bubbles that caused interference. Injection well systems usually have sufficient water clarity for television logging since a high degree of filtration is required to prevent well plugging. However, dissolved gasses are common in these systems. The most common is oxygen. Oxygen reacts with the tubing and other auxiliary equipment to form iron oxide. Under static conditions, iron oxide will form a film on the surface of the tubing and under turbulent conditions will disperse into the displacement fluid. If the displacement fluid is clear it will become very cloudy and make television logging impossible." @default.
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• W2065655265 date "1980-09-21" @default.
• W2065655265 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2065655265 title "Visual Logging for Inspection and Troubleshooting" @default.
• W2065655265 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/9338-ms" @default.
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