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- W2065916213 abstract "Properties of open‐ocean deep convection due to thermobaricity at high latitudes have been investigated by the scaling argument. Two types of open‐ocean deep convection are found. The first type appears in a homogeneous ocean or in a deepening mixed layer. The increased apparent buoyancy flux due to thermobaricity makes scales of convective properties larger than those without thermobaricity. The ratio of thermobaric to nonthermobaric scales is determined only by l 0 / H α , where l 0 and H α are the size of nonthermobaric convection and the characteristic depth for thermobaricity to be effective, respectively. In a nonrotating frame, then, thermobaricity becomes effective when the ocean depth H is comparable with H α , as previous studies show. In a rotating frame, thermobaricity is most effective with slow rotation (the Coriolis parameter ƒ ≪ 10 −4 s −1 ) and low temperatures (approximately the freezing point of seawater), since l 0 / H α becomes largest. In the actual situation (ƒ ∼ 10 −4 s −1 ), thus thermobaricity is not so effective because the Earth rotation confines l 0 to a smaller level, i.e., l 0 / H α < 1. The second type of deep convection is driven by pure thermobaric instability in a two‐layer ocean where a cold, fresh mixed layer overlies a warm, saline deep layer, as often observed in polar oceans. It causes an abrupt overturning of the water column. Scales of convective properties are dependent on the difference of water temperature between the two layers, the initial size of plume, and the Coriolis parameter (or time), but not on the surface cooling rate directly. With actual parameters, convective properties and the associated buoyancy flux are much larger than those of the first type. Observed vertical profiles of water temperature and salinity suggest that the first type of deep convection could occur in the Greenland Basin while the second type could occur in the Weddell Sea." @default.
- W2065916213 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2065916213 date "1999-03-15" @default.
- W2065916213 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2065916213 title "Open-ocean deep convection due to thermobaricity: 1. Scaling argument" @default.
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- W2065916213 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/1998jc900058" @default.
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