FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2065918084> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2065918084 endingPage "371" @default.
• W2065918084 startingPage "353" @default.
• W2065918084 abstract "Although large size is considered an evolved antipredator defense for some vertebrates and shellfish, large size is generally not considered an adaptive defensive trait in insects. Here we propose that large size in chemically defended grasshoppers has evolved as a beneficial antipredator trait. The lubber grasshoppers Romalea microptera and Taeniopoda eques are the largest grasshoppers in North America north of Mexico. These closely related species escape most vertebrate predation by possessing powerful predator-deterrent toxins and by nocturnal roosting. We hypothesize that escape from vertebrate predation allowed lubbers to evolve a larger body size, increased fecundity and provided many other benefits, including defense against invertebrate predators. To test the hypotheses that large lubber size reduces predation, we conducted feeding trials with wolf spiders (Honga carolinensis), assassin bugs (Arilus cristatus), preying mantids (Tenodera aridifolia), fire ants (Solenopsis invicta), frogs (Rana pipiens), and birds (Sturnus vulgaris and Passer domesticus). Our results show that larger lubber instars enjoyed a highly significant advantage vis-à-vis predators, demonstrating the adaptive value of large size against both vertebrate and invertebrate predators. Adult lubbers were generally immune from predation. It appears that lubbers have evolved to occupy a relatively predator-free ecological space: they are too large to be attacked by most invertebrate predators and too toxic for most vertebrate predators. We propose an evolutionary scenario whereby a change in feeding behavior toward vertebrate-toxic plants served as an evolutionary breakthrough, setting in motion the subsequent evolution of increased chemical defense and large body size in lubbers. To determine if large size is associated with chemical defense in grasshoppers in general, we compared body sizes of ~ 40 toxic vs ~ 3,000 nontoxic grasshopper species. Our results show that chemically defended species tend to be larger than nondefended grasshoppers, supporting an association between chemical defense and large size in insects. Large size may be favored in insects when vertebrate predation is removed as a strong selective factor." @default.
• W2065918084 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2065918084 creator A5055612717 @default.
• W2065918084 creator A5085622181 @default.
• W2065918084 date "2008-12-01" @default.
• W2065918084 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2065918084 title "Large size as an antipredator defense in an insect" @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1499590345 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1503200455 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1528167957 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1558788037 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1574587139 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W177912978 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1963674524 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1964037766 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1964257670 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1964516444 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1964782486 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1966691843 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1966802364 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1967789976 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1971656667 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1974314035 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1975397403 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1977317941 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1978170239 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1978499880 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1979636148 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1980057069 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1980613834 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1983365367 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1987208239 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1987908399 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1988413054 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1988903028 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1992859618 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1993607620 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1994442130 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1994901966 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1999143550 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W1999601641 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2000312122 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2005304535 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2007268565 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2007745172 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2011022518 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2011791644 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2014229261 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2014997440 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2015058152 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2017602542 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2021408610 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2022051648 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2022720305 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2022927627 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2025549006 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2025696463 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2025723288 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2028180083 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2030579069 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2033705601 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2034526110 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2036276838 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2037132863 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2037315542 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2038882521 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2049793617 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2049987082 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2049995086 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2050732953 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2052303251 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2053805005 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2057176593 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2059202317 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2060790326 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2061245417 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2063636772 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2073587913 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2073617044 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2076603892 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2078361999 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2078600576 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2080442238 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2082206592 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2083623299 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2084700581 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2086150398 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2086834318 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2087749299 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2088112703 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2088755020 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2090711619 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2091516398 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2094833282 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2095892031 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2097745502 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2098074511 @default.
• W2065918084 cites W2099471707 @default.

• next