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• W2067502433 abstract "s / Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 33 (2013) 321-399 332 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Isolated PBMC were stimulated with the mitogens concanavalin A (ConA; 2 mg/mL) or pokeweed (PWM;1 mg/mL) for 60 h and then pulsed with tritiated thymidine (0.25 mCi/well) for an additional 18 h to determine proliferative responses. Data were analyzed as a mixed model ANOVA with repeated measures using time, treatment and time*treatment as fixed effects and horse within treatment as a random variable. PBMC from all mares demonstrated a proliferative response to PWM (P< 0.01), but the response was not altered by Arg supplementation (P 1⁄4 0.93) or parturition and early lactation (P 1⁄4 0.97). Mitogenic response of PBMC to ConA showed trend for a time effect (P 1⁄4 0.08), where proliferation was greater at parturition (P 1⁄4 0.04) than d 30 of lactation. Although there was no overall effect of treatment (P1⁄4 0.25) or time*treatment (P1⁄4 0.38) on PBMC response to ConA, a trend for lower (P 1⁄4 0.09) mitogenic reactivity was observed in Arg-supplemented mares compared to control mares at 30 d postpartum. Data indicate that Arg supplementation at 0.75% of DM intake does not impair or enhance proliferation of B lymphocytes, but might suppress T lymphocyte mitogenesis in lactating mares. Further research is needed to determine if Arg supplementation influences the risk of infection or disease in broodmares. Interrelationships among selenium status, antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in the horse M. Brummer , S. Hayes , K.A. Dawson , and L.M. Lawrence 1 Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA, 2 Alltech Inc. Center for Animal Nutrigenomics & Applied Animal Nutrition, Nicholasville, KY, USA Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during mitochondrial energy metabolism, along with other processes such as immune cell respiratory burst. A complex antioxidant system exists to neutralize ROS which otherwise may result in oxidative damage to cell membranes and DNA structures. Selenium (Se) is thought to contribute to the antioxidant system through glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), although in vitro evidence suggests Se-methionine and Se-cysteine may also reduce ROS DNA damage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end product of lipid peroxidation that occurs when ROS damages cell membranes and functions as an indicator of oxidative stress. The objective was to evaluate the relationships among Se status, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and MDA concentration. We hypothesized that Se status would be positively correlated with TAC, and negatively with MDA. Twenty eight mature (5 23 yr) idle horses were included in this study, conducted over a 196 d Se depletion phase followed by a 189 d Se repletion phase. Horses were kept on low Se pastures (<0.06 ppm Se DM) and were offered hay from the same farm (<0.05 ppm Se DM) in the winter. Throughout the depletion phase, 21 horses received a low Se balancer pellet (LS; total Se intake 0.06 ppm DM) and 7 horses an adequate Se balancer pellet (AS; total Se intake 0.12 ppmDM). During the repletion phase AS received the same diet, while LS was subdivided into three groups of 7 horses. One group remained on the LS diet. The remaining groups received either a Se-yeast (SP; Sel-Plex, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) or sodium selenite (SS) supplement, top-dressed on the LS diet, to attain a total Se intake of 0.3 ppm DM. Blood samples were collected prior to and upon completion of each phase. Blood Se was analyzed by ICP-MS. Blood GSHPx was analyzed using the Bioxytech GPx-340 kit (OXIS, Portland, OR). Serum MDA was measured using the TBARS assay (Caymen Chemicals, Ann Arbor, MI). Serum TAC was determined using a TAC kit (Caymen Chemicals). Data (106 observations per comparison) were analyzed using Proc Corr (SAS 9.2). As hypothesized, Se and GSH-Px were positively correlated with TAC (r1⁄4 0.591, P<0.0001 and r 1⁄4 0.452, P<0.0001 respectively) but negatively with MDA (r 1⁄4 -0.389, P<0.0001 and r1⁄4 -0.283, P1⁄40.0033 respectively). A negative correlation also existed between TAC and MDA (r 1⁄4 -0.592, P<0.0001). The stronger relationship between Se, TAC and MDA than between GSH-Px, TAC and MDAmay support the theory that other selenoproteins, or possibly Se-methionine or Se-cysteine, may be involved in the oxidant/antioxidant balance of the body. A better understanding of the contribution of other Se-containing compounds, particularly selenoproteins, to the antioxidant systemmay be invaluable to horses subjected to high levels of oxidative stress. An in vitro method for determining phosphorus availability in horse feeds A.L. Fowler, L.A. Strasinger, S.H. Hayes, and L.M. Lawrence Department of Food and Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY Feeds commonly fed to horses have different amounts and forms of phosphorus (P), which could lead to varying phosphorus availabilities. While determining nutrient availability using in vivo digestibility studies is considered the gold standard, it can be labor intensive and expensive. The development of a reliable in vitro method to determine phosphorus availability would save time, money, and labor. In vitro methods have already been developed to estimate the availability of dry matter (DM) in horse feeds. However, an in vitro method for determining availability of phosphorus has not been evaluated for use in horses. The purpose of this experiment was to develop an in vitro method to determine the phosphorus availabilities of different feeds. Samples of alfalfa cubes, orchardgrass hay, oats, wheat bran, and straw were subjected to either one-step or two-step in vitro methods. In the one-step method, samples were incubated in the DaisyII (ANKOM Technology, New York) using the method described by Earing et al. (2010; JAS 88: 3954 3963) except that the Ankom buffers were replaced by a Bis-Tris" @default.
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• W2067502433 title "Interrelationships among selenium status, antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in the horse" @default.
• W2067502433 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2013.03.035" @default.
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