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- W2068563536 abstract "Abstract The overall annual prevalence rate of recreational drug use in Europe is up to 10%, with much greater use in those attending nightclubs. National and International legislation controls classical recreational drugs. In addition to classical recreational drugs covered by legislation, novel drugs continue to emerge (e.g. Piperazines, substituted cathinones,’ “Spice”) as well as recreational use of misappropriated prescription medicines (e.g. glaucine, pregabalin). In most countries, where drug control legislation is non-generic, these drugs are initially not controlled. For this reason, these novel drugs are often referred to as “legal highs”. Legislation lags behind initial use of these drugs and there is often a delay of 2–3 years between the initial reports of use and toxicity before they are controlled. The piperazines were controlled at European level in 2009 but currently the substituted cathinones remain legal. Recent surveys indicate that up to 40% of those attending nightclubs have used the substituted cathinone mephedrone, with one-third using it in the last month. Because these drugs are legally available their route of supply is different with most users sourcing them over the Internet or in high street head shops. Data will be presented on the analysis of drugs that we have purchased from the internet and from drug amnesty bins. There are increasing reports of toxicity associated with the use of these compounds; generally the pattern of toxicity seen is similar to classical recreational drugs with sympathomimetic and/or hallucinogenic features. Data will be presented on cases that we have seen and published from our unit. We feel that there is a need for a more systematic approach to identify novel agents and the overall epidemiology of recreational drug toxicity to inform both the clinical management of individuals with recreational drug toxicity and legislative agencies to ensure that drug classification systems are appropriate." @default.
- W2068563536 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2068563536 date "2010-07-01" @default.
- W2068563536 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2068563536 title "Novel and emerging recreational drugs" @default.
- W2068563536 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.081" @default.
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