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• W2069087692 abstract "A 51-year-old male former smoker, without relevant medical history, had progressive dyspnea on exertion, cough, minor hemoptysis, and a large suprahilar tumor-like mass on chest radiography. A positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan at the referring center showed a lobulated mass invading the mediastinum and right pulmonary artery, and filling defects suspect for pulmonary emboli (Fig. 1). The lesion had moderate 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. At bronchoscopy, the right upper lobe was suboccluded by a smooth mass. Forceps biopsies revealed necrosis of unclear origin. The patient was referred for workup. The absence of venous thrombosis, intracardiac clots, pulmonary hypertension, and arterial hypoxemia reduced the likelihood of widespread pulmonary emboli. After reassessment at our thoracic oncology multidisciplinary meeting, a surgical procedure was proposed based on the suspicion of a tumor mass originating from the pulmonary artery. A right-sided intrapericardial pneumonectomy and left-sided pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) through sternotomy was performed on extracorporal cardiopulmonary bypass. The procedure and postoperative recovery were uncomplicated. The pneumonectomy specimen showed a tumor completely obliterating the right pulmonary artery and protruding into the right upper lobe bronchi. Left PEA from pulmonary valve level to the subsegmental branches was able to remove a pale smooth mass (Fig. 2). Pathology showed a tumor in the pulmonary artery wall with a heterogeneous aspect. Essentially, it concerns a spindle cell process with cellular fascicular to myxoid areas. The tumor cell nuclei were atypical with a mitotic count of 5 of 10 hpf. Immunohistochemistry revealed (nuclear) MDM2 expression and diffuse epidermal growth factor receptor expression (Fig. 3). Stains for desmin, α-smooth muscle actin, CD31, and CD34 were negative. FISH analysis showed strong amplification of the MDM2 and PDGFRA genes, thus confirming an intima sarcoma. Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a very rare thoracic malignancy, first described in an autopsy in 1923, with an estimated incidence between 0.001% and 0.03%. PAIS often presents as pulmonary vascular disease, such as acute pulmonary embolism,1Delany SG Doyle TC Bunton RW Hung NA Joblin LU Taylor DR Pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking pulmonary embolism.Chest. 1993; 103: 1631-1633Crossref PubMed Scopus (56) Google Scholar chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension,2Kerr KM Pulmonary artery sarcoma masquerading as chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2005; 2 (quiz 113): 108-112Crossref PubMed Scopus (27) Google Scholar and it can even mimic large-vessel arteritis.3Belge C Renckens I Van Puijenbroek R Wuyts W Meyns B Delcroix M Intima sarcoma of the pulmonary artery mimicking takayasu disease.Case Rep Vasc Med. 2011; 2011: 510708PubMed Google Scholar Diagnosis is challenging, and FISH analysis by experienced pathologists is essential in identifying PAIS. Less than 300 cases are described in the literature, with only a few small case series focusing on the management of these tumors. Median survival is 45 days, up to 10 months with surgery.4Krüger I Borowski A Horst M de Vivie ER Theissen P Gross-Fengels W Symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of primary sarcomas of the pulmonary artery.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1990; 38: 91-95Crossref PubMed Scopus (170) Google Scholar Survival is worse in aortic intima sarcoma. In the recently published largest single-center series (31 patients), postsurgical median survival was 17 months.5Mussot S Ghigna MR Mercier O et al.Retrospective institutional study of 31 patients treated for pulmonary artery sarcoma.Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013; 43: 787-793Crossref PubMed Scopus (93) Google Scholar Death is mostly because of local or metastatic recurrence. PEA is often performed for PAIS, solely or in combination with pneumonectomy. Evaluation of completeness of resection is complicated. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy is unclear because of limited data." @default.
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• W2069087692 date "2014-06-01" @default.
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• W2069087692 title "A Rare Central Thoracic Tumor" @default.
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