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- W2069489532 abstract "•Olfaction lacks a working model of odor-intensity coding. •Neural correlates of varying odor concentration lead to simplistic models. •New models are needed that predict intensity across odors, in mixtures, and after adaptation. A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. Although odorant concentration is a key feature of olfactory stimuli, we do not know how concentration is translated into perceived intensity by the olfactory system. A variety of neural responses at several levels of processing have been reported to vary with odorant concentration, suggesting specific coding models. However, it remains unclear which, if any, of these phenomena underlie the perception of odor intensity. Here, we provide an overview of current models at different stages of olfactory processing, and identify promising avenues for future research. A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. Although odorant concentration is a key feature of olfactory stimuli, we do not know how concentration is translated into perceived intensity by the olfactory system. A variety of neural responses at several levels of processing have been reported to vary with odorant concentration, suggesting specific coding models. However, it remains unclear which, if any, of these phenomena underlie the perception of odor intensity. Here, we provide an overview of current models at different stages of olfactory processing, and identify promising avenues for future research. a network that is not primarily dedicated to the processing of information from a specific sensory modality, such as vision, audition, or olfaction. GCaMP2 is a genetically encoded reporter protein whose fluorescence increases as intracellular calcium levels rise when neurons fire action potentials. In the olfactory system, mouse strains expressing GCaMP2 in OSNs, and in mitral/tufted cells, have been used to map patterns of glomerular activity encoding different odorants. the process whereby an excited neuron reduces the activity of parallel neurons through inhibitory synaptic connections. In the olfactory bulb, parallel mitral/tufted cells affiliated with different glomeruli can laterally inhibit each other via local interneuron circuits composed of periglomerular, short axon, and granule cells. a method for optical detection of neural activity based on localizing a fluorescent calcium-sensitive probes into presynaptic nerve terminals. In the olfactory system, synthetic dextran-conjugated calcium indicator dyes are loaded into OSNs by intranasal perfusion, and are transported through axons to olfactory nerve terminals in glomeruli. This allows visualization of odor-encoding glomerular activity maps by fluorescent imaging. The method is also implemented by driving expression of a genetically encoded calcium indicator (e.g., GCaMP2) in OSNs using a promoter for olfactory marker protein (OMP), which is expressed in all mature OSNs." @default.
- W2069489532 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2069489532 creator A5000273998 @default.
- W2069489532 creator A5036261531 @default.
- W2069489532 creator A5073271417 @default.
- W2069489532 creator A5077323418 @default.
- W2069489532 date "2014-08-01" @default.
- W2069489532 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2069489532 title "From molecule to mind: an integrative perspective on odor intensity" @default.
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