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• W2070142868 endingPage "5745" @default.
• W2070142868 startingPage "5740" @default.
• W2070142868 abstract "ABSTRACT Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), produced by macrophages, has important immune regulatory functions, suppressing a type 1 immune response and stimulating a type 2 immune response. Type 1 cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-12, and gamma interferon) increase in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of animals with an early disease stage of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection, while IL-10 increases in animals with a late disease stage. Although IL-10 has an immunosuppressive role in the host immune system, IL-10 also inhibits BLV tax and pol mRNA levels in vitro. In contrast, IL-2 stimulates BLV tax and pol mRNA and p24 protein expression in cultured PBMCs. The inhibitory effect of IL-10 on BLV expression depends on soluble factors secreted by macrophages. Thus, we hypothesized that PGE 2 , a cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) product of macrophages, may regulate BLV expression. Here, we show that the level of COX-2 mRNA was decreased in PBMCs treated with IL-10, while IL-2 enhanced the level of COX-2 mRNA. Addition of PGE 2 stimulated BLV tax and pol mRNA levels and reversed the IL-10 inhibition of BLV mRNA. In addition, the specific COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, inhibited the amount of BLV mRNA detected. Addition of PGE 2 increased BLV tax mRNA regardless of NS-398 addition. PGE 2 inhibited antigen-specific PBMC stimulation, suggesting that stimulation of BLV tax and pol mRNA levels by PGE 2 is independent of cell proliferation. These findings suggest that macrophage-derived COX-2 products, such as PGE 2 , regulate virus expression and disease progression in BLV infection." @default.
• W2070142868 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2070142868 creator A5027688474 @default.
• W2070142868 creator A5067254212 @default.
• W2070142868 creator A5069575062 @default.
• W2070142868 date "2000-06-15" @default.
• W2070142868 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2070142868 title "Prostaglandin E₂Increases Bovine Leukemia Virus<i>tax</i>and<i>pol</i>mRNA Levels via Cyclooxygenase 2: Regulation by Interleukin-2, Interleukin-10, and Bovine Leukemia Virus" @default.
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• W2070142868 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.12.5740-5745.2000" @default.
• W2070142868 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/112065" @default.
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