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- W2070266021 abstract "A phenomenological investigation of squat defects on rail grade R260Mn is performed. The surface-breaking crack pattern, which is either linear or branched (V-shaped), shows a typical position and orientation in the running band. Particular characteristics are asymmetry of this pattern, with the presence of a leading and a trailing branch, and crack reflection or deviation at the running band border. Bending tests reveal a 3D internal crack pattern, with a pair of crack planes or ‘wings’ enclosing a wedge at the surface. Microstructural analysis of the rail upper layer shows metallurgical principles of crack initiation: delamination and transverse fracture of white etching material at the surface. This analysis moreover reveals a 3D anisotropic texture of the upper layer under combined bi-directional tangential surface stresses. Mechanical interpretation of the crack morphology shows that the leading or single branch of the surface-breaking crack pattern is a shear-induced fatigue crack, following the anisotropic microstructure when growing into the rail. The trailing crack of a branched squat is explained as the result of a subsequent transverse, wedge-shaped brittle failure mechanism of the surface layer of the rail, developing within the actual elliptical Hertzian contact patch – or the envelope of potential contact ellipses at the leading crack position. It is driven by the transverse shear loading towards the rail gauge face." @default.
- W2070266021 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2070266021 date "2013-02-01" @default.
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- W2070266021 title "On the mechanism of squat formation on train rails – Part I: Origination" @default.
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- W2070266021 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.04.023" @default.
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