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• W2070415367 abstract "Slab detachment or breakoff is directly associated with phenomena like morphological orogenesis,occurrenceofearthquakesandmagmatism.Atdepththedetachmentprocessisslowand characterized by viscous rheolgy, whereas closer to the surface the process is relatively fast and plastic. Using a 2D mantle model 1500 km deep and 4000 km wide we investigated, with finite- difference and marker-in-cell numerical techniques, the impact of slab age, convergence rate and phase transitions on the viscous mode of slab detachment. In contrast to previous studies exploring simplifiedbreakoffmodelsinwhichtheblockageresponsibleforinducingbreakoffiskinematically prescribed, we constructed a fully dynamic coupled petrological-thermomechanical model of viscousslabbreakoff.Inthismodel,forcedsubductionofa700 km-longoceanicplatewasfollowed bycollisionoftwocontinentalplatesandspontaneousslabblockingresultingfromthebuoyancyof thecontinentalcrustonceithadbeensubductedtoadepthof100-124 km.Typically,fivephasesof model development can be distinguished: (a) oceanic slab subduction and bending; (b) continental collision initiation followed by the spontaneous slab blocking, thermal relaxation and unbending - in experiments with old oceanic plates in this phase slab roll-back occurs; (c) slab stretching and necking; (d) slab breakoff and accelerated sinking; and (e) post-breakoff relaxation. Our experiments confirm a correlation between slab age and the time of spontaneous viscous breakoff as previously identified in simplified breakoff models. The results also demonstrate a non-linear dependence of the duration of the breakoff event on slab age: a positive correlation being characteristic of young (,50 Ma) slabs while for older slabs the correlation is negative. The increasing duration of the breakoff with slab age in young slabs is attributed to the slab thermal thickness, which increases both the slab thermal relaxation time and duration of the neckingprocess.Inolderslabsthistendencyiscounteractedbynegativeslabbuoyancy,whichgen- eratehigherstressesthatfacilitateslabneckingandbreakoff.Apredictionfromourbreakoffmodels isthattheolivine-wadsleyitetransitionplaysanimportantroleinlocalizingviscousslabbreakoffat depths of 410-510 km due to the buoyancy effects of the transition." @default.
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• W2070415367 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W2070415367 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2070415367 title "Numerical modelling of spontaneous slab breakoff dynamics during continental collision" @default.
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• W2070415367 doi "https://doi.org/10.1144/sp332.7" @default.
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