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• W2071307907 abstract "Abstract The production economics of tight to near-tight formations such as the Clinton sands of Ohio have become increasingly marginal due to rapidly increasing well costs and geologically less favorable areas to drill. To evaluate the potential for improved well performance, the Gas Research Institute (GRI) performance, the Gas Research Institute (GRI) sponsored the empirical investigation of historical Clinton sand well performance presented herein. The study is based on well data from 301 wells in northeastern Ohio which were drilled between 1963 and 1974. All the wells were single-completions stimulated by hydraulic fracturing for which at least five years of uninterrupted production data are available. The data are believed to be representative of Clinton wells in the 1963 to 1974 time frame and were selected only on account of availability. Statistical regression methods were used to determine well parameters which impact individual well performance. The five-year cumulative production (first performance. The five-year cumulative production (first five years) for each of the 303 wells was used as the dependent variable in a multivariable linear regression equation, with the statistically significant well parameters as independent variables. The empirical regression equation was used to estimate average well performance (five-year cumulative production) for geographically oriented subsets of the 303-well data base with varied levels of stimulation treatment volume. Significant variations in well performance are demonstrated as a function of apparent geologic variations and variations in stimulation treatment volume. Historical production (303 wells) could have been increased by 15 percent through use of near-optimum stimulation treatment volumes. A method is proposed which utilizes the statistical regression methods of the study, in conjunction with exploratory drilling in areas which are geologically similar to those represented by the data base, to assist in optimizing future Clinton sand production. Introduction The Silurian-age Clinton sands represent the primary gas and oil producing formation in Ohio. primary gas and oil producing formation in Ohio. The formation consists primarily of quartz, with feldspar, calcite and clays appearing as secondary minerals, and are interfingered with the red Queenston shale. The producing areas are generally tight to near tight with an average effective permeability of 1 × 10 to the -5 um2 (0.1 md) and widely varying porosity. For the data set of this study, porosity ranged between 5 and 13 percent. Gross sand thickness may locally exceed 37 m (120 ft), but the net pay thickness values in the data set ranges between 2 m and 18 m (7 ft and 60 ft). Clinton sand gas production is generally from stratigraphic traps where porosity and permeability are sufficiently developed. Since about 1960 conventional hydraulic fracturing has become the accepted stimulation method for achieving reliable production results. Stimulation treatment volumes production results. Stimulation treatment volumes for the data set of this study ranged between 80 m3 and 640 m3 (500 bbl and 4,000 bbl) with up to 34,000 kg (75,000 lb) of sand proppant. Most Clinton wells are fractured with a low viscosity (less than 20 Pa.s) fluid containing as much sand as can be Pa.s) fluid containing as much sand as can be transported by the fluid. Gas production from the Clinton sands typically involves initial production levels of 1.4 × 10 to the 5th m3/a to 1.4 × 10 to the 7th m3/a (5 × 10 to the 3rd Mcf/yr to 5 × 10 to the 5th Mcf/yr) with uninterrupted production intervals ranging from 15 to 25 years. The historical dry hole factor is about 9 to 10 percent following stimulation, an important economic consideration. According to a recent industry estimate of producible resource remaining, only about 20 percent of the resource has been produced to date. However, the future economic viability may be less attractive than in the past in view of gas prices not keeping pace with the inevitably higher extraction costs. This investigation utilizes a comprehensive set of historical well data to provide an assessment of the impacts of measured well parameters on well performance. performance. P. 117" @default.
• W2071307907 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2071307907 date "1980-05-18" @default.
• W2071307907 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2071307907 title "Empirical Evaluation Of Clinton Sand Well Performance" @default.
• W2071307907 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/8936-ms" @default.
• W2071307907 hasPublicationYear "1980" @default.
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