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- W2071342034 abstract "Metabolic costs incurred by the eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly Papilio glaucus canadensis in the processing of secondary compounds with known biological activity that occur in a favored food plant, quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), were compared with those for another subspecies, P g glaucus, that is not adapted to feeding on aspen. We conducted first instar survival assays and fourth instar feeding trials with catechol, salicin and isoniazid painted on a mutually acceptable food (leaves of Prunus serotina). None of the compounds significantly reduced survival of either subspecies. Growth of P g canadensis fed isoniazid was lower than that of control animals because of decreased efficiency in the conversion of digested food. Surprisingly, the three compounds did not reduce performance of P g glaucus larvae; growth and consumption rates as well as digestion/conversion efficiencies did not differ between the control and test diets. Our results indicate that these compounds are not responsible for the differential ability of the two subspecies to use quaking aspen; P g glaucus may have been preadapted to process the test compounds because of the occurrence of similar compounds in its normal food plants. INTRODUCTION Members of the Papilio glaucus species complex of tiger swallowtails differ in their ability to use members of the Salicaceae as food plants. The geographical range of the northern subspecies, P g canadensis, corresponds closely to the range of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), and P. g canadensis survives and grows well on aspen leaves (Scriber et al., 1982). The northern limits of the geographical range of the southern subspecies, P g glaucus, overlaps narrowly with the range of P g canadensis and quaking aspen. Papilio glaucus glaucus larvae fed aspen leaves rarely survive through the first instar and almost never to pupation (Scriber et al., 1982). This difference is maintained when extracts of aspen leaves are applied to a food (Prunus serotina leaves) equally suitable to the two subspecies, implicating aspen secondary compounds as the cause of differential performance (Lindroth et al., 1986a). A central tenet of coevolutionary theory is that herbivorous insects are better adapted to the secondary compounds in their food plants than to those in plants not used as food. The objective of our study was twofold: first, to ascertain whether an adapted subspecies incurs a (in rates of survival, growth and efficiencies of digestion/conversion) due to the processing of secondary compounds in a preferred food plant, and second, to evaluate whether an unadapted subspecies incurs a greater cost in the processing of the same compounds. We assume that in general, reduced growth rates or digestion/conversion efficiencies negatively affect herbivore fitness. Quaking aspen and other members of the Salicaceae rely primarily on carbon-based compounds for protection against herbivores (Palo, 1984). Of these, simple phenols and 1Present address: Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824." @default.
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- W2071342034 title "Effects of the Quaking Aspen Compounds Catechol, Salicin and Isoniazid on Two Subspecies of Tiger Swallowtails" @default.
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- W2071342034 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/2426047" @default.
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