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• W2071566614 abstract "Struwwelpeter at One Hundred and Fifty: Norms, Control, and Discipline in the Civilizing Process1 Joachim J. Savelsberg (bio) Introduction: A Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Deviance and Control in Struwwelpeter Click for larger view View full resolution Figure 1. Struwwelpeter book covers in Spanish, English, German, and Japanese. One hundred and fifty years ago, in 1845, the now famous and infamous children’s book, Struwwelpeter, was published in Frankfurt. It was written and illustrated by the Frankfurt psychiatrist-physician Dr. Heinrich Hoffmann, 2 and 1,500 copies were sold in only four weeks after its publication—only the beginning of a long German success story. 3 Yet, the story did not remain just a German one. Many foreign language translations appeared within ten years after the original publication came out (e.g., English in 1846, Danish in 1847, and Russian in 1848 or 1849) (Sauer 1984; 1995). Struwwelpeter did more than appeal to a supposed German national character. Indeed, its cover is engraved in the minds of millions of readers in many countries (see Figure 1). In determining the international appeal of Struwwelpeter, a sociological approach can be most useful. In particular, sociology can shed new light on Struwwelpeter’s major theme, that is ideas about bad deeds and about responses to them. The appearance of such ideas and their cultural representation are not arbitrary but bound to conditions of social structure. Consider evil deeds: Violence against family members was an accepted form of behavior for many people well into the twentieth century—for early exceptions, see Struwwelpeter’s “cruel Fredrick.” It was mostly directed against women and children. Yet, domestic violence became increasingly challenged in the second half of the twentieth century. The [End Page 181] [Table 1] challenge to violence against women followed the increasing power of women resulting from their growing levels of education and increasing participation in the labor force (Dixon). Furthermore, laws against theft emerged only when trade became a substantial economic force and the transport of goods was threatened in late medieval England (Hall). And, most recently, white-collar offenses have become challenged as a result of changes in the corporate world and of the growing mobilization of protest movements and organizations such as consumer and environmental advocates (Savelsberg with contributions by Brühl). Table 1. Norms, Deviance, Sanctions, and Executors in the Struwwelpeter Story Norms Deviance Sanction Sanctioner Sanction for Sanctioner Disciplinary Intro. artig; eating; quiet; guided by mother — Presents (Bilderbuch) “Christkind” none Struwwelpeter physical orderliness long/messy hair; long nails shaming (“pfui ruft da ein jeder”) general public none Little Suck-a-Thumb physical discipline thumb sucking cutting off thumb tailor none Soup Caspar/Augustus eating not eating death through starvation nature none Fidgety Philip physical discipline wiggling scolding; buried by table cloth angry parents; no food parents none Civilizing Cruel Fredrick non-violence torture/kill animals; whip his wife (S. Gretchen) bitten by dog; whip taken; pain, bed rest, bitter medicine dog rewards: (F.’s food and wine; watching his whip) Tolerance Inky Boys tolerance ridicule person w. black skin blacken Niklas none Cautionary Pauline safety precautions play with matches burning to death fire/nature none Wild hunter — falling asleep during hunt being shot at; breaking wife’s cup rabbit negative: hurting child Johnny Head in-the-Air caution non-attentive shaming; falling; in water fish none Flying Robert constraint non-caution blown away nature/wind none Consider also responses to evil deeds: For example, beliefs in rational and independent actors emerged with the end of aristocratic estate society and its artificial barriers, including their justification through religious doctrine. Such beliefs gained strength with the growth of modern bourgeois classes and the spread of natural law. They were closely tied to beliefs in the functioning of deterrence. Names of eighteenth-century thinkers such as Cesare Beccaria (1986) and Jeremy Bentham (1948) represent this line of thought. Later, with the growth of working class movements, the social conditions of evil came into focus and deterrence perspectives were replaced or at least supplemented by ideas of individual rehabilitation and social reform (Garland; Savelsberg 1992; 1994). The stories of Struwwelpeter are stories about deeds defined as evil deeds and about punishment. Just like..." @default.
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• W2071566614 date "1996-01-01" @default.
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• W2071566614 title "Struwwelpeter at One Hundred and Fifty: Norms, Control and Discipline in the Civilizing Process" @default.
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• W2071566614 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/uni.1996.0024" @default.
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