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• W2071696088 abstract "Abstract A laboratory study was conducted at simulated in-situ geothermal conditions to identify the mechanisms responsible for significant declines in permeability. Testing was conducted on core permeability. Testing was conducted on core material retrieved from Well 78–30 in the East Mesa KGRA, Imperial Valley, California. In this paper, apparatus, procedures and results are paper, apparatus, procedures and results are described. Damage in this formation, which was not originally thought to be water sensitive, is attributed to cation exchange and the removal processes which alter the stability of t-he clay processes which alter the stability of t-he clay structures. Fluid shearing dislodges particles, which clog pore throats and irreversibly reduce permeability. The implications of these findings permeability. The implications of these findings on operating procedures and production of the well can be significant and are discussed. Introduction Formation damage is used throughout the industry as a broad definition implying damage due to the negative interaction between the drilling operations and the producing formation. This interaction often results in a significant impairment to near wellbore permeability and a subsequent reduction in production. In a geothermal well where economic viability is predicted upon the production of prodigious amounts of heated water and/or steam, formation damage must be understood, controlled and minimized. Formation damage is a complex problem and no unique, definitive solution exists at present. Numerous researchers have addressed various aspects of this problem generally from the perspective of oil/gas production. Solutions and perspective of oil/gas production. Solutions and understandings so generated have not always made successful transitions to geothermal applications (e.g., perforation, acidization). Therefore, to specifically address the problem of formation damage in geothermal resources, a laboratory test program was conducted at simulated in-situ program was conducted at simulated in-situ conditions of temperature and pressure. Used in the study was actual reservoir core material retrieved from a geothermal well in the Imperial Valley of California. Described in this paper are results from the laboratory study which identified the mechanisms responsible for permeability impairment when a simulated in-situ pore fluid passed through the reservoir core samples. Also discussed are the effects of the drilling operation and production of the reservoir brine on formation production of the reservoir brine on formation permeability. permeability. Test Apparatus and Application Testing for this program was performed at Terra Teks geothermal testing facility shown in Figure 1. The high pressure-high temperature test facility capabilities are: . Confining pressure to 200 MPa (30,000 psi). Pore pressure to 100 MPa (15,000 psi). Temperature to 420 degrees C (800 degrees F) Sample Size: 5 cm (2) diameter (to 420 degrees C)10 cm (4) diameter (to 150 degrees C) With this facility, overburden stress, pore fluid pressure, temperature, and pore fluid chemistry can be controlled to simulate the in-situ state of the reservoir. A flow system, shown in Figure 2, interfaces with the test machine and provides the means to circulate permeating brines provides the means to circulate permeating brines and drilling fluids. Test parameters such as fluid volume, differential pressure, temperature, etc. are continually monitored by digital computer, providing real time data acquisition and reduction. The system is designed to accommodate extended duration testing during which a single test may continue for weeks. The test sample is located between two stainless steel end caps to which pore fluid lines are connected. The pore fluid lines have two colloidal filtering systems plumbed in which remove 99.9999% of the particles down to 0.3 microns. The test sample is then jacketed using layers of heat shrink teflon tube and silicone rubber (RTV). This prevents flow along the sides and isolates the internal pore fluid from the confining fluid." @default.
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• W2071696088 date "1981-10-04" @default.
• W2071696088 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2071696088 title "Mechanisms of Formation Damage in Matrix Permeability Geothermal Wells" @default.
• W2071696088 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/10135-ms" @default.
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