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- W2071714774 abstract "Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) vectors transduce fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) inefficiently, which limits their potential widespread applicability in combinatorial gene and cell therapy. We have reported that AAV2 vectors fail to traffic efficiently to the nucleus in murine fibroblasts. We have also reported that site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed tyrosine residues on viral capsids leads to improved intracellular trafficking of the mutant vectors, and the transduction efficiency of the single tyrosine-mutant vectors is ∼10-fold higher in human cells. In the current studies, we evaluated the transduction efficiency of single as well as multiple tyrosine-mutant AAV2 vectors in murine fibroblasts. Our results indicate that the Y444F mutant vectors transduce these cells most efficiently among the seven single-mutant vectors, with >30-fold increase in transgene expression compared with the wild-type vectors. When the Y444F mutation is combined with additional mutations (Y500F and Y730F), the transduction efficiency of the triple-mutant vectors is increased by ∼130-fold and the viral intracellular trafficking is also significant improved. Similarly, the triple-mutant vectors are capable of transducing up to 80–90% of bone marrow-derived primary murine as well as human MSCs. Thus, high-efficiency transduction of fibroblasts with reprogramming genes to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, and the MSCs for delivering therapeutic genes, should now be feasible with the tyrosine-mutant AAV vectors. Fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising targets for gene and cell therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) vectors are currently in use in several Phase I/II clinical trials for gene therapy. However, the existing data show that AAV2 vector-mediated transduction of fibroblasts and MSCs is inefficient. We observed that AAV2 vectors containing mutations in three surface-exposed tyrosine residues significantly increase transduction efficiency in fibroblasts, as well as in both human and murine primary MSCs. The increased transduction efficiency of these triple-mutant AAV2 vectors correlates well with improved viral intracellular trafficking in fibroblasts. These data provide strong evidence that high-efficiency gene delivery and transgene expression by AAV vectors are indeed feasible, which should facilitate the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells, as well as the use of MSCs in combinatorial gene and cell therapy. Previous reports have shown that site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed tyrosine residues on the capsid of AAV2 leads to enhanced transduction efficiency. In this report, Li and colleagues use these AAV2 tyrosine mutants and demonstrate that they are capable of transducing up to 90% of mouse and human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells." @default.
- W2071714774 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2071714774 date "2010-11-01" @default.
- W2071714774 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2071714774 title "High-Efficiency Transduction of Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Tyrosine-Mutant AAV2 Vectors for Their Potential Use in Cellular Therapy" @default.
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- W2071714774 doi "https://doi.org/10.1089/hum.2010.005" @default.
- W2071714774 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2987376" @default.
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