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• W2071714985 abstract "Preparations of the DNA extracted from the endospermal milk and leaves of normal distichous barley plants were injected into the grains of hexastichous barley at a milk-ripeness stage and carrying waxy mutation (i.e. having defective synthesis of amylose). Restoration of normal starch synthesis in plant cells was considered as an indication of the changes produced by the exogenous DNA. In normal barley, starch contains amylose and amylopectin and is stained blue-to-black in an iodine solution, whereas in the waxy mutant, starch has no amylose and is stained red-to-brown. To exclude any relationship of dominance the analysis was carried out at a haploid level, that is on the pollen harvested from the injected plants. This approach had the additional advantage of allowing us to work with individual cells instead of whole plants or their organs. Upon injection of the preparations of wild-type DNA a certain fraction of plants showed changes toward wild type. The seeds obtained from the altered plants were sown and the progeny examined. It was established that in the second generation most plants returned to the recepient type. A detailed analysis of the progeny of plant No. 506/19, in the first generation of which almost all pollen (over 99.5%) was of wild type, showed that in these plants the alterations were considerably more stable, only one fifth or one sixth of plants returning to the original recipient type. In half of the progeny of plant No. 506/19 the starch was of the donor type, and in 30% of the plants, as in the first generations, the bulk of the polen (99.98%) was stained black by iodine. In the second generation, segregation of plants for starch staining differed from the Mendelian one, which is probably indicative of non-chromosomal localization of the genetic determinants brought along with the injected DNA. Concurrent with the alterations of the starch structure, alterations of the type of spike (hexastichous barley plants modified distichous ones) were observed in those plants whose pollen became predominantly or wholly normal. Also, delayed manifestation of the synthesis of normal starch was noted. Certain plants which did not show any changes in the first generation yielded wild-type pollen grains in the second generation." @default.
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• W2071714985 date "1976-09-01" @default.
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• W2071714985 title "Genetic modification of the waxy character in barley after an injection of wild-type exogenous DNA. Analysis of the second seed generation" @default.
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• W2071714985 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(76)90240-2" @default.
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