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- W2072019925 abstract "Retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A, is proposed to play an important role in vertebrate learning and memory, as well as hippocampal-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, it has not yet been determined whether retinoic acid plays a similar role in learning and memory in invertebrates. In this study, we report that retinoid signaling in the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis, is required for long-term memory formation following operant conditioning of its aerial respiratory behaviour. Animals were exposed to inhibitors of the RALDH enzyme (which synthesizes retinoic acid), or various retinoid receptor antagonists. Following exposure to these inhibitors, neither learning nor intermediate-term memory (lasting 2 h) was affected, but long-term memory formation (tested at either 24 or 72 h) was inhibited. We next demonstrated that various retinoid receptor agonists promoted long-term memory formation. Using a training paradigm shown only to produce intermediate-term memory (lasting 2 h, but not 24 h) we found that exposure of animals to synthetic retinoids promoted memory formation that lasted up to 30 h. These findings suggest that the role of retinoids in memory formation is ancient in origin, and that retinoid signaling is also important for the formation of implicit memories, in addition to its previously demonstrated role in hippocampal-dependent memories." @default.
- W2072019925 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2072019925 creator A5047401613 @default.
- W2072019925 creator A5077088676 @default.
- W2072019925 date "2014-10-01" @default.
- W2072019925 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2072019925 title "Retinoid signaling is necessary for, and promotes long-term memory formation following operant conditioning" @default.
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- W2072019925 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2014.05.010" @default.
- W2072019925 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24925874" @default.
- W2072019925 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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