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• W2072076181 abstract "One of 5 subtypes of the dopamine receptor (DR) is D2, which is expressed in the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland where it mediates the tonic inhibitory control of hypothalamic dopamine on the secretion of prolactin (PRL, anterior lobe) and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (intermediate lobe). Dopamine agonist treatment presently is the preferred approach to prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors. A recently developed agonist, cabergoline, appears to be more effective than bromocriptine for treating prolactinomas. The D2 receptor also is expressed in most clinically nonfunctioning pituitary tumors, and cabergoline treatment shrinks about half of these tumors. This study attempted to quantify dopamine receptors and the expression of the D2 isoforms D2short and D2long in clinically nonfunctioning tumors and correlate the findings with the in vitro effects of cabergoline on α-subunit secretion in cultured tumor cells. In addition, cabergoline treatment was assessed in 9 of 18 patients with a nonfunctioning pituitary tumor and residual tumor tissue after surgery. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique was used to study the expression of DR and D2 isoforms in tumor samples. Cabergoline was given in a dose of 1 mg weekly for 1 month and then 3 mg per week if tolerated. Treatment began 3 months or more after neurosurgery when magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly showed residual tumor, and tumor growth was reassessed after 6 and 12 months. The D2 receptor was expressed in 12 of 18 patients (67%). The D2long isoform was found in 6 cases, D2short in 2, and both D2 isoforms in 4. In addition, D4 was expressed in 3 cases. Secretion of α-subunit was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in 5 of the 9 patients treated with cabergoline. Peak inhibition exceeded 50% in 3 of these cases. The inhibition of α-subunit secretion correlated with expression of D2. Greater inhibition was observed when D2short was expressed. D2 was expressed in tumor tissue from all 5 patients who responded to cabergoline in vitro and in 1 of 4 not responding. Headache resolved in 5 of 7 patients after a year of cabergoline therapy. Two of 3 patients had improved visual acuity, and visual fields improved significantly in 4 of 5 patients. MRI documented significant tumor shrinkage in 5 of the 9 treated patients; shrinkage was substantial in 2 of them. A tumor response was associated with D2 expression and with expression of the D2short isoform. The dopamine agonist cabergoline improved the clinical findings in a majority of these patients in whom clinically nonfunctioning pituitary tumor tissue was incompletely removed. The presence of the D2 receptor in tumor tissue from a majority of the present patients provides a rationale for such treatment." @default.
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• W2072076181 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W2072076181 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2072076181 title "Dopamine Receptor Expression and Function in Clinically Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors: Comparison With the Effectiveness of Cabergoline Treatment" @default.
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• W2072076181 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ogx.0000143794.48429.35" @default.
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