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- W2073929781 abstract "validity. It is interesting that they have selected a variable which is known to be particularly influenced by a number of internal psycho-physiological states. In fact, not only is there persuasive evidence to show a relationship between slowed time experience and depressed mood [ 2, 3, 41 but also that apparent time is intrinsically enmeshed with a host of basic cognitive processes. For example, Michon 15, 61 and Vroon [7] have shown that apparent time is a decreasing function of the information transmission rate, curves relating subjective duration to real time show an inflection point at a stage which represents the transition between sensory (very short term) memory and short term memory. Thus, duration experience appears to be closely dependent on psycho-motor speed and memory, two other factors that are also adversely effected by depressive illness [8]. The effects of pain on other objective cognitive function tests have been studied in the past by experimental psychologists. The presence of pain is detrimental to performance on simple and difficult intellectual tasks. Thus a person in pain could appear to be slightly less intelligent on formal testing than he would have before the onset of the pain. A person in pain will probably also be significantly more at risk from accidental injuries. Memory tests, short-term work performance, and simple two-choice reaction times are not significantly effected by pain. Whether these experimental analogue studies are generalizable to clinical pain remains a moot point. There have even been contradictory reports to show that experimentally-induced pain can sharpen performance on more complex choice reaction time tasks (ones with multiple stimuli and multiple responses) and pain can also lead to improvements on timeestimation tasks (91. Clearly this present validation study provides indirect suggestive evidence that pathological pain of organic aetiology may disturb the estimation of brief occupied intervals more than experimental pain is known to do. Before considering the associated implications of this study further, it is necessary to consider further a few other mundane but important psychometric issues. No matter how valuable clinical experience may be, it is not ideally suited to be the reference benchmark by which other measures are evaluated statistically. It may have been quite fortuitous that in this instance the rankings of pain severity by diagnostic grouping did correlate tolerably well with the degree of time estimation errors. The global diagnoses were no doubt unquestionably correct, but there is so much variability between and within individuals in their degree of pain tolerance to place the underlying assumption in some doubt. Differential pain tolerance may help to explain some of the acute vs chronic differences. To further complicate matters, it has been shown that there are significant interactions between emotional stability, extraversion, and impulsivity on the one hand, and the different methods used to measure the subjective passage of time on the other [IO]. Prudence therefore dictates that the natural follow-up to this preliminary report should be an evaluation of this technique against established quantitative measures. Bilting ef ol. [l] present no evidence on the reliability of their time estimation method; this too would need to be done before their method could gain wider acceptance." @default.
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- W2073929781 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(83)90042-9" @default.
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