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• W2074138518 abstract "A sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human β-enolase was developed and used to examine β-enolase in blood or bloodstains as a marker for the determination of skeletal muscle injury. Human β-enolase was purified from human skeletal muscle, and then an antibody against it was prepared. Polystyrene balls coated with rabbit anti-human β-enolase IgG were incubated with human β-enolase and then with anti-human β-enolase Fab′-peroxidase conjugate. Peroxidase activity bound to the polystyrene balls was assayed by fluorometry using 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid as a hydrogen donor. The detection limit for human β-enolase was 2.6 pg (30 amol) per assay. The degree of cross-reaction of the sandwich enzyme immunoassay for other organs except for heart (1/10) was about 1/150 or less. Moreover, the localization of β-enolase in various human tissues was examined by Northern blot analysis, and this confirmed that β-enolase was expressed only in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Antigenic activity in bloodstains containing β-enolase was recovered well after storage for 60 days at room temperature. The ratio of β-enolase to total protein in bloodstains made from non-traumatic blood, nasal hemorrhage and menstrual blood, was within the normal range. In contrast, the ratio of β-enolase in bloodstains from traumatic blood was obviously elevated (10–30 fold) in comparison with non-traumatic blood. Furthermore, the ratio of β-enolase was proved to be higher in stains adhering to weapons that had passed through skeletal muscle, indicating that detection of β-enolase in bloodstains could be used to distinguish crime weapons. These results suggest that β-enolase is a useful marker for identification of skeletal muscle injury as well as for detecting the origin of bleeding." @default.
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• W2074138518 date "1999-01-01" @default.
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• W2074138518 title "A sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human muscle-specific β-enolase and its application for the determination of skeletal muscle injury" @default.
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• W2074138518 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00194-7" @default.
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