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• W2074263953 abstract "The in vitro growth rates of two isolates of Perkinsus marinus were significantly reduced by bacitracin. Upon coincubation with 1 mg bacitracin/mL, the doubling times rose from 27 ± 2.1 h to 34 ± 2.9 h for the LMTX-1 isolate (P < 0.001) and from 15 ± 1.9 h to 22.2 ± 2.4 h for the Perkinsus-1 isolate (P < 0.001). At 10 mg bacitracin/mL, viability of both isolates was much reduced (P < 0.0001). The sensitivity of P. marinus to bacitracin was examined in vivo in two clinical trials. In the first, individual eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica were injected with 107 Perkinsus-1 cells, then fed bacitracin at a concentration of 5 or 50 mg/mL encapsulated in lipid vesicles daily for 6 weeks. Parasite body burden was significantly reduced in oysters administered 5 mg bacitracin/mL (3.3 × 104 ± 2.5 × 104 hypnospores/g wet tissue) or 50 mg/mL (5.3 × 104 ± 6.4 × 104 hypnospores/g) as compared with control oysters (3.2 × 105 ± 4.7 × 105 hypnospores/g, P < 0.05) that received encapsulated seawater only. In the second experiment, naturally infected oysters (average, 10.9 × 106 ± 30.7 × 106 hypnospores/g) received encapsulated bacitracin at 10 mg/mL for 10 weeks. Treated oysters had significantly lower levels of infection (2.5 × 106 ± 3 × 106 hypnospores/g) than did control oysters (67.4 × 106 ± 144 × 106 hypnospores/g, P < 0.05). Despite the sharp decrease in infection intensity in the bacitracin-treated oysters, survival rate improved by only 10%. It is possible that damage to the vital organs of infected oysters was too advanced and widespread to be reversed. The in vitro and in vivo findings of this study suggest that bacitracin has promise for use in P. marinus chemotherapy." @default.
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• W2074263953 date "1999-06-01" @default.
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• W2074263953 title "Bacitracin Inhibits the Oyster Pathogen<i>Perkinsus marinus</i>in Vitro and in Vivo" @default.
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• W2074263953 doi "https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1999)011<0130:bitopp>2.0.co;2" @default.
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