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- W2074655898 abstract "The structure of columnar-jointed lava flows and intrusions has fascinated people for centuries and numerous hypotheses on the mechanisms of formation of columnar jointing have been proposed. In cross-section, weakly developed semicircular internal structures are a near ubiquitous feature of basalt columns. Here we propose a melt-migration model, driven by crystallization and a coeval specific volume decrease inside cooling and solidifying columns, which can explain the observed macroscopic features in columnar-jointed basalts. We study basalts from Hrepphólar (Iceland), combining macroscopic observations, detailed petrography, thermodynamic and rheological modelling of crystallization sequences, and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) of late crystallizing phases (that is, titanomagnetite). These are all consistent with our proposed model, which also suggests that melt-migration features are more likely to develop in certain evolved basaltic lava flows (with early saturation of titanomagnetite), and that the redistribution of melt within individual columns can modify cooling processes. The internal textures of columnar-jointed lava flows and intrusions are poorly understood. Mattssonet al. propose a melt-migration model for Icelandic basalt driven by crystallization and volume decrease inside cooling columns, which explains the macroscopic features observed in columnar-jointed basalts." @default.
- W2074655898 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2074655898 date "2011-05-03" @default.
- W2074655898 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W2074655898 title "Melt migration in basalt columns driven by crystallization-induced pressure gradients" @default.
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- W2074655898 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1298" @default.
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