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- W2075131561 abstract "La macrocitosis y las anemias macrocíticas constituyen un problema asistencial frecuente. Las principales causas de macrocitosis pueden agruparse en dos grandes grupos: las anemias megaloblásticas, producidas por un defecto en la síntesis de ADN, siendo las causas más frecuentes los déficits adquiridos de vitamina B 12 y/o ácido fólico y algunos fármacos, y las no megaloblásticas. Las causas más frecuentes de estas últimas son el consumo de alcohol, la hepatopatía, la reticulocitosis y el hipotiroidismo. Una historia clínica pormenorizada, junto con un estudio morfológico de la sangre periférica y un recuento de reticulocitos son esenciales para una orientación de los pacientes con macrocitosis. Basándose en la sospecha diagnóstica se requerirá la realización de otras pruebas confirmatorias. El tratamiento de las anemias macrocíticas incluye tres aspectos: el tratamiento etiológico, el tratamiento de soporte, que incluye fundamentalmente las transfusiones, y el tratamiento sustitutivo en caso de que exista un déficit. Macrocytosis and macrocytic anemias, defined as anemias with a mean corpuscular volume greater than 100 fl, are common problems. There are two major groups of macrocytosis: the megaloblastic anemias, disorders of DNA synthesis of the erythrocyte precursors, being the most frequent causes a vitamin B 12 and/or folic acid deficiencies and certain drugs, and the non-megaloblastic ones. The most common etiologies of these are alcoholism, hypothyroidism, reticulocytosis, ethanol abuse, liver disease, as well as exposure to some medications. A detailed clinical history together with a peripheral smear and a reticulocyte count are essential tools for delineating the underlying cause of the macrocytosis. Based on the suspected etiology additional confirmatory tests will be required. Treatment of macrocytosis and or macrocytic anemia involves three aspects: the etiologic treatment, a supportive treatment that is essentially based on transfusions, and a substitute treatment when required." @default.
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- W2075131561 date "2012-11-01" @default.
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- W2075131561 title "Macrocitosis y anemias macrocíticas" @default.
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- W2075131561 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-5412(12)70470-5" @default.
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