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- W2076016471 abstract "The recent increase in HIV seroprevalence in Poland, particularly among injecting drug users, has been accompanied by widespread discrimination against people affected by HIV and AIDS. As in other countries, this discrimination may be attributed to a large extent to fear and ignorance about HIV and AIDS together with pre-existing prejudices against the people who are most commonly associated with the epidemic. In Poland extreme hostility towards drug users combined with the powerful influence of a traditional Catholic church have so far impeded effective education about HIV and AIDS and anti-discrimination strategies.The cumulative number of HIV cases in Poland has risen rapidly from 435 to 2476 between 1990 and 1992. More than 70% of HIV cases are IV drug users. Their HIV prevalence rate has grown from 0.8% to 20% between 1988 and 1991. Availability and wide use of cheap, home-produced heroin; sharing equipment; and lack of needles and syringes set the stage for rapid transmission of HIV in the IV drug use community. Most IV drug users are homeless, unemployed, and unskilled. Most people consider IV drug user to be irresponsible and dangerous. HIV infection among IV drug users exasperates fears, prejudices, and the general intolerance towards all HIV-infected persons. Few homosexuals are HIV infected, and they tend to remain invisible, so they are not targeted for discrimination or violence. Poland's youth antidrugs movement assists drug users and people with AIDS. However communities tend to thwart its efforts (e.g., IV drug users' home being firebombed). Misperceptions about HIV transmission contribute to the fear of HIV/AIDS. Even though most people know the actual modes of HIV transmission in one survey, many (20-31%) believed it could also be transmitted by public toilets and baths, pots, pans, eating utensils, and mosquitoes. 40% of health workers in Sosnowiec did not know that HIV could not be spread by insects, and 30% thought daily contact with HIV-infected people carried a risk of transmission. Many refused to work with HIV-infected patients. Hospitals test patients for HIV, often without their consent or knowledge. Antidiscrimination strategies should include legislation coupled with education. Strong sex and sexuality taboos and opposition to discussion on sexual health by the Catholic church are strong obstacles to HIV/AIDS education inside and outside the schools. Public health officials have a large task identifying a way to accommodate widely held traditional values while also providing effective education on HIV prevention and on the importance of integrating people affected by HIV/AIDS into all levels of society." @default.
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- W2076016471 title "Discrimination against people with HIV and AIDS in Poland" @default.
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- W2076016471 doi "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6937.1145" @default.
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