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- W2076397658 abstract "The effect of a cloud layer on top‐of‐atmosphere (TOA) aerosol radiative forcing is examined by means of a one‐dimensional vertical column simulation. To span the range between nonabsorbing and strongly absorbing particles, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and soot aerosols are considered individually and in internal and external mixtures. For a cloud layer embedded within an aerosol layer it is shown that direct aerosol radiative forcing still occurs. For a nonabsorbing aerosol a maximum in (negative) forcing actually occurs for a thin cloud layer (100 m thickness for the set of parameters considered). The presence of an embedded cloud layer enhances the heating effect of soot aerosol, producing, for thick clouds, forcing values as much as a factor of 3 over those under cloud‐free conditions. An absorbing aerosol layer can lead to an increase of in‐cloud solar heating rates by up to 3% for the parameter values considered here. A cirrus cloud layer above an aerosol layer leads to only modest changes of TOA aerosol forcing from those in the absence of the cloud layer; thus aerosol forcing in the presence of typical cirrus clouds cannot be neglected." @default.
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- W2076397658 date "1998-02-01" @default.
- W2076397658 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W2076397658 title "Effect of clouds on direct aerosol radiative forcing of climate" @default.
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- W2076397658 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/97jd03455" @default.
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