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- W2076495623 abstract "To push water impurities toward the tail of your Steam Generator where exchanged heat flux is low, this is the main purpose of the Multi-Circulation concept. This is done by design with Once Trough Steam Generator (OTSG) while for water tubes drum boilers (WTD) impurities concentration in boiler water remains constant from boiler entrance (furnace side, with high heat flux and high flue gases temperature) to boiler tail (exit side with low heat flux and low flue gases temperature). Refer also to Fig 1 Both of these boilers are water tubes type: water & steam side is tubes side. One other main specificity of OTSG boiler is also that water volume ratio decreases from 100 % at tube entrance (furnace side typically) down to 2 or 3 % -typical for 100 bar pressure - at tube exit (boiler exit typically) (Refer also to Fig 2); so such boilers can be subject to inside tubes fouling when salinity is too high and / or blow down rate is too low. You have to make arbitration between maintenance costs and water & energy costs varying in opposite way by selecting the right boiler blow down rate. Boiler yearly availability is also a consequence of this decision. For WTD boilers, water volume ratio is quite constant from entrance to exit as for this kind of boiler, natural circulation is controlled by design; operator has no impact on this parameter for a boiler operated within it normal design range. These boilers are then less subject to tubes fouling but water characteristics are more stringent. Of course boiler tubes fouling are mainly depending on feed water quality - so on water treatment system - and on boiler characteristics such as water volume ratio, heat flux and salinity level. When salinity concentration increases and when water volume ratio is low, fouling risks by deposits are then max. With some salts such as Silica having a low thermal conductivity, even very thin deposits have a great impact on tubes wall temperature leading quickly to tubes failures if they are in hot flue gases (furnace side). Regarding these parameters each boiler type is different and then boiler shall be selected carefully considering advantages and inconvenient of each type. Then, if you have to operate your boiler with low quality feed water and high availability rate we would recommend you prior to select one of two well know boiler type - OTSG or WTD - to consider a third type: the MultiCirculation Steam Generator (MCSG). The Multicirculation, what is that? A kind of OTSG / WTD hybrid: a WTD design slightly modified to include one OTSG main characteristic: variable boiler water salinity from inlet to outlet. Then this MCSG boiler has advantages of both types: Low Feed water quality, low blow down rate, high water volume ratio and then and Low Fouling risks. (Refer also to table 1). Heating surfaces of a MCSG boiler are then subject to or highest heating flux and lowest water salinity, or lowest heating flux and highest water salinity, but never to highest flux and highest water salinity." @default.
- W2076495623 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2076495623 creator A5021513572 @default.
- W2076495623 creator A5071777851 @default.
- W2076495623 date "2010-09-19" @default.
- W2076495623 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2076495623 title "Multi-Circulation Steam Generator Concept" @default.
- W2076495623 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/133522-ms" @default.
- W2076495623 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
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