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• W2076942016 abstract "The effectiveness of the seven-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) has been repeatedly demonstrated in many countries. Research in Taiwan, although limited, has shown similar results. Before the introduction of PCV7, pneumococcal pneumonia and empyema were increasing in Taiwan.1 After the introduction of PCV7 in Taiwan in October 2005, a 38.5% reduction in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) was noted.2 The effectiveness of PCV7 has been largely limited to vaccine-type pneumococcus and there has been a change of serotype distribution. The proportion of local clinical isolates covered by the PCV7 has decreased from 93.4% in 1997–2003 to 73% in 2007.3,4 In certain countries, serotypes 1, 5, and 14 are the most prevalent pneumococcal serotypes. In Taiwan, however, serotypes 1 and 5 are uncommon. The most common serotypes isolated in 2007 were 19F, 6B, 14, 3 and 23F in children aged <5 years and also in all age groups.4 Serotype 19A has increased markedly from 0.5% in 2000–2005 to 11.5% in 2006–2008.2 In 2007, vaccine serotype coverage for children aged < 2 years was 65% for PCV7 (7-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine), 65% for PCV10 (10-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine), and 82% for PCV13. Serotype 19A was a common serotype in children aged <2 years (6% of isolates) and 2–4 years (10% of isolates).4 During this period, the PCV7 coverage rates increased gradually from 0.7% in 2005 to 25.2% in 2008.2 A larger impact is expected with higher vaccine coverage rates. By adopting the published incidences rates of IPDs and pneumococcal/lobar pneumonia across the country,1,4 we can estimate the annual case numbers of these two categories in children aged ≤5 years (Table). The protective efficacy of PCV7 has been established as 97% for IPD5 and 30% for pneumonia using the criteria of the World Health Organization.6 With an 80% coverage rate of PCV7, there will be approximately 111 IPD and 123 pneumococcal/lobar pneumonia cases averted annually in Taiwan. When PCV10 or PCV13 is used, the number of cases prevented will probably be higher. The incidence of IPD peaks at both extremes of age. Children aged ≤2 years and older people aged ≥70 years are most vulnerable. The real incidences" @default.
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• W2076942016 date "2011-02-01" @default.
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• W2076942016 title "How Many is Enough? Will Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccines With More Serotypes and Fewer Doses Work Better?" @default.
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• W2076942016 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0929-6646(11)60011-9" @default.
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