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- W2077201247 abstract "Introduction. In the effort to quantify neurocognitive function with numerous scores from a battery of tests, we may feel like the blind men describing the elephant. The statistical validity of our conclusions is threatened by Type I error from overtesting, overlapping domains, and unbalanced representation of cognitive functions. We investigated different statistical methods to address problems of intercorrelation and imbalance. Methods. After obtaining informed consent and Internal Review Board approval, we administered a battery of six well-known neurocognitive tests to 327 patients 1 day before and 6 weeks after coronary artery bypass grafting, obtaining 18 scores per patient per examination. We assessed correlations among raw scores, and performed factor analysis with orthogonal rotation to obtain a set of cognitive domain scores. For comparison, we standardized raw scores to z scores and calculated a mean z for each patient at each time. Results. Substantial overlap existed among raw scores thought to measure similar or different domains. The median correlation among raw scores was 0.376, with 10% of correlations > 0.70. In contrast, the factor analysis returned a set of four standardized and nonoverlapping cognitive domain scores (correlation = 0.0 by design), each clearly related primarily to one or more of the original tests. Conclusions. None of our previous methods of analysis address the problem of Type I error introduced by intercorrelation among test scores. Factor analysis enhances inferential validity and offers a useful solution to the problems of over-testing of outcomes and unbalanced representation of cognitive domains." @default.
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- W2077201247 date "2000-11-01" @default.
- W2077201247 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2077201247 title "The elephant problem: analyzing a cognitive battery" @default.
- W2077201247 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(00)02088-9" @default.
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