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- W2077876883 abstract "Enzymes that act on substrates R–O–PO3H2 often work on substrate analogues R–O–AsO3H2; such substrates are unstable, since esters of H3AsO4 hydrolyse easily. They also form easily, so that an enzyme that acts on R–O–PO3H2 often acts on a mixture of R–OH and arsenate via an ester that forms at the active site. Similarly coenzyme analogues may be formed; for example, a stable and active aspartate aminotransferase forms from the apoenzyme with free pyridoxal and arsenate. Enzymes that convert R–O–PO3H2 into a diester often act on R–CH2–AsO3H2, a stable substrate analogue; then the product is unstable and hydrolyses to re-form the analogue, giving a futile cycle. For example, RNA polymerase acquires exonuclease activity in the presence of H2O3P–CH2–AsO3H2; adenylate kinase acquires ATPase activity in the presence of the arsonomethyl analogue of AMP. A recent observation is that HO–CH2–CHOH–CH2–CH2–AsO3H2 is a good substrate for glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The product is unstable and eliminates arsenite, sharing this ability with other 3-oxoalkylarsonates. Thus this enzyme–catalysed oxidation is a lethal synthesis, in view of the toxicity of arsenite. Another unusual biochemical reaction of an arsonic acid is seen in the ability of a bacterium to use arsonoacetate as its sole source of carbon and energy. In contrast with the elimination of arsenite by 3-oxoalylarsonic acids, 3-oxoalkylphosphonic acids, R–CO–CH2–CH2–PO3H2, are stable. 2-Oxoalkylphosphonic acids, R–CO–CH2–PO3H2, however, are moderately unstable to hydrolysis, yielding phosphate and R–CO–CH3. 2-Oxoalkylarsonic acids, R–CO–CH2–AsO3H2, decompose in the same way, but much more readily, yielding arsenate. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd." @default.
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- W2077876883 date "1997-04-01" @default.
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- W2077876883 title "Enzyme-catalysed Transformations of Compounds Containing the -CH2-AsO3H2 Group" @default.
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- W2077876883 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199704)11:4<251::aid-aoc572>3.0.co;2-t" @default.
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