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- W2078163403 abstract "Summary The costimulatory receptors CD28 and cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)‐4 and their ligands, CD80 and CD86, are expressed on T lymphocytes; however, their functional roles during T cell–T cell interactions are not well known. The consequences of blocking CTLA‐4–CD80/CD86 interactions on purified mouse CD4 + T cells were studied in the context of the strength of signal (SOS). CD4 + T cells were activated with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) and different concentrations of a Ca 2+ ionophore, Ionomycin (I), or a sarcoplasmic Ca 2+ ATPase inhibitor, Thapsigargin (TG). Increasing concentrations of I or TG increased the amount of interleukin (IL)‐2, reflecting the conversion of a low to a high SOS. During activation with PMA and low amounts of I, intracellular concentrations of calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) were greatly reduced upon CTLA‐4–CD80/CD86 blockade. Further experiments demonstrated that CTLA‐4–CD80/CD86 interactions reduced cell cycling upon activation with PMA and high amounts of I or TG (high SOS) but the opposite occurred with PMA and low amounts of I or TG (low SOS). These results were confirmed by surface T‐cell receptor (TCR)–CD3 signalling using a low SOS, for example soluble anti‐CD3, or a high SOS, for example plate‐bound anti‐CD3. Also, CTLA‐4–CD80/CD86 interactions enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Studies with catalase revealed that H 2 O 2 was required for IL‐2 production and cell cycle progression during activation with a low SOS. However, the high amounts of ROS produced during activation with a high SOS reduced cell cycle progression. Taken together, these results indicate that [Ca 2+ ] i and ROS play important roles in the modulation of T‐cell responses by CTLA‐4–CD80/CD86 interactions." @default.
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- W2078163403 date "2009-02-10" @default.
- W2078163403 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2078163403 title "Intracellular concentrations of Ca<sup>2+</sup>modulate the strength of signal and alter the outcomes of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CD152)-CD80/CD86 interactions in CD4<sup>+</sup>T lymphocytes" @default.
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- W2078163403 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.02902.x" @default.
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