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• W2078306212 startingPage "95" @default.
• W2078306212 abstract "Abstract The perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne , forms a symbiotic relationship with Neotyphodium lolii , a fungus that produces alkaloids. This relationship provides a competitive advantage to the host plant in grassland communities by increasing drought tolerance, and disease and herbivore resistance. Black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon , is among the few insect species that are able to feed and develop on endophytic perennial ryegrass. Some insects can use plant secondary compounds to defend themselves against predators, therefore we hypothesized that the cutworms fed on endophytic grasses would exhibit greater defense against a lethal endoparasitic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae . Laboratory experiments involving 4–5th instars support the hypothesis that A . ipsilon feeding on grass clippings from field plots with high (> 90%) incidence of endophyte infected perennial ryegrass are less susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes than larvae fed grass clippings from plants with little or no incidence of endophyte. Laboratory studies resulted in similar overall mortality after 48 h. Field studies, however, show decreased susceptibility to S . carpocapsae when larvae were confined to areas of endophytic grass (> 75% infected). Early instars (2–3rd) fed on endophyte free grass suffered greater overall mortality at all nematode concentrations than 4–5th instars fed similarly. Early (2–3rd) instars were equally susceptible to nematode attack regardless of food source. Our results indicate that the fungal endosymbionts of grasses can influence the biology of natural enemies of an herbivorous insect." @default.
• W2078306212 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2078306212 creator A5019269636 @default.
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• W2078306212 date "2003-05-01" @default.
• W2078306212 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2078306212 title "Endophyte infection in perennial ryegrass reduces the susceptibility of black cutworm to an entomopathogenic nematode" @default.
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• W2078306212 doi "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.2003.00048.x" @default.
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