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• W2078441500 abstract "Whole-cell-based biosensors represent an innovative and efficient class of tools useful for environmental monitoring. The majority of these biosensors that have been developed up to now are mainly based on bacteria. However, bacteria sense toxicity in a different way from eukaryotes, thus limiting the extrapolation of results to higher eukaryotes and humans. So far, the most used eukaryotic sensing element is represented by yeast, which is generally viewed as the benchmark eukaryotic microorganism. We propose, as a valid alternative to the yeast-based sensors, the use of genetically engineered cell lines of the ubiquitous freshwater ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila. Ciliates, and in particular Tetrahymena species, offer a number of suitable characteristics to be used as environmental sensors: (a) they occupy the first trophic levels and consequently are early warning indicators of cellular suffering; (b) they are available for most of the newly developed molecular genetic techniques; (c) they can be easily cultured and maintained in small volumes; and (d) their cultures can be frozen and maintained in liquid nitrogen. Moreover, the analysis of the recently sequenced macronuclear genome of Tetrahymena thermophila has revealed that this ciliate shares a degree of sequence conservation with human genes higher than that showed by other single-celled eukaryotic model organisms, yeast included. These considerations make Tetrahymena an appealing bio-system for toxicity assessment since it can provide information of direct relevance to human health. In this study, Tetrahymena thermophila cells were transfected with the circular vector pD5H8 containing the coding sequence of the reporter gene “green fluorescent protein” (GFP) under the control of the homologous hsp70 stress promoter, to generate a fluorescent-inducible bioreporter strain able to detect general toxicity. Several classes of chemicals (inorganic and organic), physical stressors and also real environmental samples from contaminated sites were assayed using the bioreporter strain. The sensitivity of this assay was significantly higher than that measured by lethality tests using the same organism." @default.
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• W2078441500 date "2005-03-01" @default.
• W2078441500 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W2078441500 title "Tetrahymena thermophila as whole cell biosensor for environmental biomonitoring" @default.
• W2078441500 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.05202003_6_4.x" @default.
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