FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2079147156> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2079147156 endingPage "511" @default.
• W2079147156 startingPage "510" @default.
• W2079147156 abstract "To the Editor: More than a decade has passed since major outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection in the United States and Canada drew attention to this newly emerging infection (1, 2). Awareness of these infections was highlighted again by large outbreaks in the summer of 2013 (3). However, many questions remain unanswered regarding this organism, including aspects of its life cycle, geographic distribution, and range of related species.In 1999, three new distinct Cyclospora species noted for their close similarity with C. cayetanensis from humans were isolated from monkeys in Ethiopia (4). A survey of primates in Kenya increased awareness of the extended distribution of these 3 species in eastern Africa and provided confirmation of their marked host specificity, even where the ranges of host species overlapped (5). Most recently, C. colobi–like organisms were identified in snub-nosed golden colobus monkeys in northwestern China (6). We report the characterization of Cyclospora spp. recovered from drills (Mandrillus leucophaeus poensis) on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.During January–February 2011 and 2012, fecal samples from free-ranging animals were collected and placed in 10% formalin (2011) or potassium dichromate (2012). Because samples were collected opportunistically from unidentified animals of undetermined age and sex, whether any samples were collected from the same animals in either year was not known. Fecal samples were concentrated by using the formyl ethyl acetate method, and sediment was examined by using fluorescent microscopy to detect oocysts (4).Three (9%) of 26 samples from 2011 and 8 (31%) of 25 samples from 2012 were positive for Cyclospora oocysts that were spherical, measured 8–10 µm in diameter, and showed autofluorescence. The oocysts collected in potassium dichromate had sporulated by the time of examination, which facilitated and confirmed identification as Cyclospora spp. Representative samples from 4 animals in the second collection were submitted for molecular analysis.The entire 18S rRNA gene (1,796 bp) was obtained from 2 DNA fragments amplified by PCR from DNA extracted from 3 fecal specimens by using procedures and primers for genetic analysis of coccidian parasites (4,7,8). Six distinct full-length 18S rRNA sequences were obtained and compared with sequences in GenBank.Although our sequences showed high similarity with 18S rRNA genes for all Cyclospora species, the sequences were most similar to the C. papionis 18S rRNA gene (GenBank accession no. {type:entrez-nucleotide,attrs:{text:AF111187,term_id:4406389,term_text:AF111187}}AF111187), even though 3 T→C transitions at nucleotides positions 680, 1054, and 1694 were observed. Analyses of these 6 sequences showed intravariation caused mainly by T→C and A→G transitions. Further studies on different species should be performed to verify whether this is a common feature in Cyclospora spp. 18S rRNA genes.This report extends our knowledge of the range of Cyclospora spp. in monkeys to include western Africa and their host range to include an additional distinct primate species. Results of molecular analysis indicate that this Cyclospora sp. isolate from drills on Bioko Island is most similar to C. papionis from baboons in eastern Africa, an observation that is unexpected and somewhat difficult to explain. Previous studies have suggested that different primate hosts harbor distinctly different Cyclospora species (4–6). Baboons are not found on Bioko Island or in mainland Equatorial Guinea near Bioko Island and are allopatric with drills on the mainland. In addition, drills on Bioko Island have been separated from contact with drills on the mainland for 10,000–12,000 years (9), further isolating the ecology of this host–parasite relationship and confusing how C. papionis was established in drills on Bioko Island.Drills are now considered to have closer phylogenetic affinity with mangabeys (Cercocebus spp.) than with baboons (10), although the phylogeny of these primates is not completely resolved. This finding further confuses an explanation of why the parasite isolated from drills would be similar to that recovered from baboons. It could be speculated that C. papionis arrived on Bioko Island from the mainland through some third host, such as collared (red-capped) mangabeys (C. torquatus), which has close phylogenetic relationships and overlapping ranges with drills and baboons. Any such explanation would mean that Cyclospora spp. infected drills before Bioko Island and the mainland separated.Another possibility is that Cyclospora spp. exhibit host–niche specificity. Colobus monkeys, the host for C. colobi, are arboreal folivores, many of which consume relatively difficult-to-digest foods and have large specialized guts. Vervets, hosts for C. cercopitheci, are also arboreal, but have a frugivorous–insectivorous diet and consume little leaf matter. Baboons and drills, hosts for C. papionis, are predominantly terrestrial and have generalist–omnivorous diets and unspecialized guts. These different ecologic and physiologic differences among the 3 species may affect the observed Cyclospora spp. host specificity.Observations in the present study extend our knowledge of the geographic and host range for cyclosporiasis. However, these observations leave several unanswered questions about our understanding of the parasite in nonhuman primates; the evolutionary relationship between human C. cayetanensis and these closely related species in monkeys; what additional monkey host species, especially on Bioko Island, may harbor Cyclospora spp.; and what other as yet unrecognized species of Cyclospora may be infecting primates." @default.
• W2079147156 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2079147156 creator A5021230587 @default.
• W2079147156 creator A5037881681 @default.
• W2079147156 creator A5050313490 @default.
• W2079147156 creator A5052011993 @default.
• W2079147156 creator A5066285487 @default.
• W2079147156 date "2014-03-01" @default.
• W2079147156 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W2079147156 title "<i>Cyclospora</i>spp. in Drills, Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea" @default.
• W2079147156 cites W1979371188 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W1981922695 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W1998241167 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W2005578471 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W2030332655 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W2125099130 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W2141235303 @default.
• W2079147156 cites W2174274037 @default.
• W2079147156 doi "https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2003.131368" @default.
• W2079147156 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3944859" @default.
• W2079147156 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24565509" @default.
• W2079147156 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
• W2079147156 type Work @default.
• W2079147156 sameAs 2079147156 @default.
• W2079147156 citedByCount "9" @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562015 @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562016 @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562017 @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562019 @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562021 @default.
• W2079147156 countsByYear W20791471562022 @default.
• W2079147156 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2079147156 hasAuthorship W2079147156A5021230587 @default.
• W2079147156 hasAuthorship W2079147156A5037881681 @default.
• W2079147156 hasAuthorship W2079147156A5050313490 @default.
• W2079147156 hasAuthorship W2079147156A5052011993 @default.
• W2079147156 hasAuthorship W2079147156A5066285487 @default.
• W2079147156 hasBestOaLocation W20791471561 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C111368507 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C127313418 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C205649164 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C2549261 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C2777134030 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C2778877831 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C3017739461 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C61716771 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C90856448 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConcept C95457728 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C111368507 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C127313418 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C18903297 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C205649164 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C2549261 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C2777134030 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C2778877831 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C3017739461 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C61716771 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C86803240 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C90856448 @default.
• W2079147156 hasConceptScore W2079147156C95457728 @default.
• W2079147156 hasIssue "3" @default.
• W2079147156 hasLocation W20791471561 @default.
• W2079147156 hasLocation W20791471562 @default.
• W2079147156 hasLocation W20791471563 @default.
• W2079147156 hasOpenAccess W2079147156 @default.
• W2079147156 hasPrimaryLocation W20791471561 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W1613875325 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W1972669528 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2063699288 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2090767971 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2119238121 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2182918329 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2470687216 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2508335259 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W2582807096 @default.
• W2079147156 hasRelatedWork W4253771418 @default.
• W2079147156 hasVolume "20" @default.
• W2079147156 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2079147156 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2079147156 magId "2079147156" @default.
• W2079147156 workType "article" @default.