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• W2079242927 abstract "Increased tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is associated with airway hyperreactivity in antigen-challenged animals. In human asthmatics, TNF-alpha is increased and blocking it prevents airway hyperreactivity in some asthmatic patients. However, the mechanisms by which TNF-alpha mediates hyperreactivity are unknown. Airway hyperreactivity can be caused by dysfunction of neuronal M(2) muscarinic receptors that normally limit acetylcholine release from parasympathetic nerves. Here we test whether blocking TNF-alpha receptors with etanercept prevents M(2) receptor dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity in antigen-challenged guinea pigs.Ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs were challenged by inhalation of antigen. Some animals received etanercept (3 mg kg(-1) i.p.) 3 h before challenge. 24 h after challenge, airway hyperreactivity and M(2) receptor function were tested. Inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage, blood and lung were counted. TNF-alpha and its receptors were detected by real-time RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry in parasympathetic nerves from humans and guinea pigs and in human neuroblastoma cells.Antigen-challenged animals were hyperreactive to vagal stimulation and neuronal M(2) receptors were dysfunctional. Both M(2) receptor dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity were prevented by etanercept. Etanercept reduced eosinophils around airway nerves, and in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage and airway smooth muscle. Also, TNF-alpha decreased M(2) receptor mRNA in human and guinea pig parasympathetic neurons.Tumour necrosis factor-alpha may contribute to M(2) receptor dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity directly by decreasing receptor expression and indirectly by promoting recruitment of eosinophils, containing major basic protein, an M(2) antagonist. This suggests that etanercept may be beneficial in treatment of allergic asthma." @default.
• W2079242927 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2079242927 date "2008-12-24" @default.
• W2079242927 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2079242927 title "Etanercept prevents airway hyperresponsiveness by protecting neuronal M₂muscarinic receptors in antigen-challenged guinea pigs" @default.
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• W2079242927 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00045.x" @default.
• W2079242927 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2697771" @default.
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