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• W2079296512 abstract "HomeCirculationVol. 107, No. 22Endothelin Receptor Blockade and Exacerbation of Heart Failure Free AccessLetterPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyRedditDiggEmail Jump toFree AccessLetterPDF/EPUBEndothelin Receptor Blockade and Exacerbation of Heart Failure István Szokodi, MD, PhD Jarkko Piuhola, MD, PhD and Heikki Ruskoaho, MD, PhD István SzokodiIstván Szokodi Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Heart Institute, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary Search for more papers by this author Jarkko PiuholaJarkko Piuhola Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Search for more papers by this author and Heikki RuskoahoHeikki Ruskoaho Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Search for more papers by this author Originally published10 Jun 2003https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000075859.90953.5ACirculation. 2003;107:e211To the Editor:We have read with interest the report by Lüscher et al1 on the Heart Failure Endothelin A Receptor Blockade Trial (HEAT). Administration of an endothelin A receptor antagonist, darusentan (30, 100, or 300 mg/d), for 3 weeks significantly decreased systemic vascular resistance with concomitant increase in cardiac index in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, early exacerbation of HF was observed in 36.7% of the patients receiving 300 mg darusentan, in contrast to 12.1% in the placebo group. Similarly, treatment with nonselective endothelin A/B receptor antagonist, bosentan, was accompanied by worsening HF in the Research on Endothelin Antagonism in Chronic Heart Failure (REACH-1)2 and the Endothelin Antagonist Bosentan for Lowering Cardiac Events in Heart Failure (ENABLE) trials (preliminary results presented by M. Packer, MD, at the 51st Annual Scientific Sessions of the American College of Cardiology, 2002, Atlanta, Ga). It has been proposed that development of sustained fluid retention may account for the adverse prognosis in patients receiving endothelin receptor antagonists.Among the major mechanisms regulating cardiac contractile force, the β-adrenoceptor system and the force-frequency relationship are impaired, while the Frank-Starling mechanism—ie, increased contractile force in response to elevated end diastolic volume—is preserved in hypertrophied and even in failing hearts.3 Therefore, in these pathological conditions, the adaptation of the heart to varying levels of load is more dependent on the Frank-Starling mechanism.We have recently studied the contribution of endogenous endothelin to the Frank-Starling response in Langendorff-perfused normal and hypertrophied rat hearts.4 Mixed endothelin A/B receptor antagonist, bosentan, attenuated the preload-induced maximal increase in cardiac contractility by more than 50% in the hypertrophied hearts but not in normal rat hearts. Of note, bosentan had no effect on contractility under baseline conditions. Our findings imply that endogenous endothelin plays a significant role in the maintenance of cardiac function during acute increases in hemodynamic load in severely hypertrophied hearts.We propose that treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists can either improve or worsen cardiac function depending on the loading conditions of the heart. Endothelin receptor blockade is likely to increase cardiac performance at rest by decreasing peripheral resistance. However, blockade of the myocardial endothelin system may impair the adaptation of the heart to increased load by interfering with the Frank-Starling response. This mechanism may explain the observed fatal adverse events and early exacerbation of HF (eg, fluid retention) in the study of Lüscher et al.11 Lüscher TF, Enseleit F, Pacher R, et al. Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of selective endothelin A (ETA) receptor blockade in chronic heart failure: the Heart Failure ETA Receptor Blockade Trial (HEAT). Circulation. 2002; 106: 2666–2672.LinkGoogle Scholar2 Packer M, Caspi A, Charlon V, et al. Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of long-term endothelin blockade with bosentan in chronic heart failure: results of the REACH-1 trial. Circulation. 1998; 98 (suppl I): I-3.Abstract.Google Scholar3 Holubarsch C, Ruf T, Goldstein DJ, et al. Existence of the Frank-Starling mechanism in the failing human heart: investigations on the organ, tissue, and sarcomere levels. Circulation. 1996; 94: 683–689.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4 Piuhola J, Szokodi I, Kinnunen P, et al. Endothelin-1 contributes to the Frank-Starling response in hypertrophic rat hearts. Hypertension. 2003; 41: 93–98.LinkGoogle Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Kropinski A, Dore-Duffy P and Kreipke C (2013) Situating the Endothelin System in the Pathotrajectory of TBI-Induced Changes in Hemodynamics Cerebral Blood Flow, Metabolism, and Head Trauma, 10.1007/978-1-4614-4148-9_5, (95-133), . Shin J and Semigran M (2010) Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension, Heart Failure Clinics, 10.1016/j.hfc.2009.11.007, 6:2, (215-222), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2010. Khimji A and Rockey D (2010) Endothelin—Biology and disease, Cellular Signalling, 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.05.002, 22:11, (1615-1625), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2010. June 10, 2003Vol 107, Issue 22Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000075859.90953.5APMID: 12796421 Originally publishedJune 10, 2003 PDF download Advertisement" @default.
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