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• W2079346503 abstract "A new method is described that uses the fluorochrome primuline and epifluorescence microscopy for precise enumeration of dinoflagellate cysts in natural sediments. Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech resting cysts obtained in laboratory culture were fixed with glutaraldehyde and treated with methanol. The cysts were stained using nine fluorochromes under identical procedures to find those suitable for enumerating cysts. Four fiuorochromes, acriflavine, calcofluor white M2R, nile red and primuline, were found to provide satisfactory results in terms of high stainability and fluorescence intensity. Methanol treatment after fixation was necessary for high stainability. The four fluorochromes were then examined for their applicability to enumerate naturally occurring cysts in Hiroshima Bay sediments. Primuline proved to be superior to all other dyes examined, providing higher counts of cysts. Primuline-stained cysts exhibited an intense yellow-green fluorescence under blue-light excitation which highlighted the cysts from background particles. It was confirmed that all cysts found by conventional light microscopy were clearly stained with this dye. Moreover the number of cysts obtained by the primuline-staining method was two or more times higher than that obtained by normal light microscopy, which required five times as long for observation. The primuline-staining method revealed that density gradient centrifugation using colloidal silica (Ludox TM) for separation and concentration of natural cysts underestimates the number of cysts in sediments unless the detrital material around the cysts is removed. Using the primuline-staining method, it is possible to observe rapidly large amounts of sediment and thereby obtain more reliable estimates of cyst abundance. Primuline also stained cysts of other flagellates;i.e. Protoperidinium spp., Scrippsiella spp., Pyrophacus sp., and Chattonella. The primuline-staining technique may replace conventional methods for enumerating dinoflagellate resting cysts." @default.
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• W2079346503 title "A rapid and precise technique for enumeration of resting cysts of Alexandrium spp. (Dinophyceae) in natural sediments" @default.
• W2079346503 doi "https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-34-3-207.1" @default.
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